Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Emic vs Etic
Nruab nrab ntawm Emic thiab Etic kev xav, ntau qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas txawm hais tias feem ntau cov neeg nyiam tsis meej pem lub ntsiab lus ntawm ob. Ua ntej, cia peb nkag siab txhua qhov kev xav. Emic thiab etic foundations yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev qhuab qhia xws li anthropology, ethnography, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev siv cov kev xav no uas tus kws tshawb fawb mus txog qhov kev tshawb fawb teb hloov. Yog li, qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev tshawb pom. Emic Perspective tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog qhov kev xav uas tus kws tshawb fawb tau txais qhov kev xav ntawm sab hauv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nyob rau hauv Etic foundations tus kws tshawb fawb saib ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb teb objectively los ntawm qhov deb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob lub stems los ntawm lub ntsiab lus thiab lub hom phiaj kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib raug zoo tshwm sim. Los ntawm kab lus no cia peb piav qhia txog qhov no ntxiv.
Emic yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej cia peb mloog zoo rau qhov kev xav emic. Emic foundations tuaj yeem nkag siab raws li qhov kev xav uas tus kws tshawb fawb tau txais qhov kev xav ntawm sab hauv. Cia peb tshawb xyuas qhov no ntxiv. Thaum tus kws tshawb fawb tab tom tshawb fawb txog cov ncauj lus tshwj xeeb, nws nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw. Thaum nws tau nkag mus rau hauv kev tshawb fawb, nws sim nkag siab txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib raug zoo los ntawm kev tshawb fawb cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev xav.
Cia peb saib ib qho piv txwv. Hauv ib lub zej zog tshwj xeeb, muaj cov kab ke tshwj xeeb ua los ntawm cov neeg. Yog tias tus kws tshawb fawb tab tom mus rau thaj chaw nrog kev pom emic, nws sim nkag siab cov ntsiab lus uas tib neeg muab rau cov kev coj ua no. Nws tsis kam koom nrog hauv kev tshawb fawb lub hom phiaj tab sis sim ua kom nkag siab txog kev cai dab qhuas los ntawm qhov muag ntawm cov neeg koom nrog kev tshawb fawb.
Ib yam tseem ceeb hauv emic foundations yog tias tus kws tshawb fawb muab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub ntawv lawv tus kheej es tsis yog rau kev nkag siab theoretical ntawm lub tswvyim. Qhov no, txawm li cas los xij, tuaj yeem nyuaj heev los sim vim txhua tus kws tshawb fawb muaj cov tswv yim ua ntej thiab kev tsis ncaj ncees. Tam sim no, cia peb txav mus rau qhov kev xav etic.
Etic yog dab tsi?
Etic foundations yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov kev xav emic thiab tuaj yeem suav tias yog ob qhov kev xav tsis sib xws. Nyob rau hauv Etic foundations, tus kws tshawb fawb saib ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb. Qhov no tsis txhais hais tias nws lub cev tswj hwm qhov deb, tab sis qhia tias tus kws tshawb fawb muab qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem theoretical thiab cov ntsiab lus thiab tso cai rau cov no coj nws, tsis yog coj los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg koom nrog kev tshawb fawb.
Cia peb nkag siab qhov no los ntawm ib qho piv txwv. Tus kws tshawb fawb uas sim siv cov kev xav thiab cov ntsiab lus uas twb muaj nyob hauv kev qhuab qhia kom nkag siab txog qhov kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb yog siv qhov kev xav zoo, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem ntes lub ntsiab lus.
Qhov kev xav etic nthuav qhia lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb teb. Tus kws tshawb fawb tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus mus rau qhov chaw uas nws nyob qhov kev paub ntawm tus neeg koom nrog kev tshawb fawb. Etic foundations, tsis zoo li qhov kev xav emic, tsis tuaj yeem nthuav qhia tus neeg sab hauv qhov kev xav txawm tias nws tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm emic thiab etic foundations. Qhov sib txawv no tuaj yeem sau tau raws li hauv qab no.
Qhov txawv ntawm Emic thiab Etic yog dab tsi?
Definition of Emic and Etic:
Emic: Emic Kev Pom Zoo tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog qhov kev xav uas tus kws tshawb fawb tau txais qhov kev xav ntawm sab hauv.
Etic: Hauv qhov kev xav Etic, tus kws tshawb fawb saib ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm qhov chaw deb.
yam ntxwv ntawm Emic thiab Etic:
Point of view:
Emic: Tus kws tshawb fawb siv qhov kev xav sab hauv.
Etic: Tus kws tshawb fawb siv tus neeg sab nraud txoj kev xav.
Nature:
Emic: Emic foundations cuam tshuam qhov xwm txheej.
Etic: Etic foundations stresses the subjective nature.
Kev Cia Siab:
Emic: Emic foundations vam khom lub ntsiab lus uas tus neeg koom nrog nkag siab txog qhov tshwm sim.
Etic: Etic foundations cia siab rau kev xav thiab cov ntsiab lus hauv kev nkag siab txog qhov tshwm sim.
Image Courtesy: 1. “Wmalinowski triobriand isles 1918” los ntawm Unknown (tej zaum Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, 1885-1939) [Public Domain] ntawm Wikimedia Commons 2. Qhib Phau Ntawv Txoj Cai (5914469915) Los ntawm Alex Proimos los ntawm Sydney, Australia (Open Book Policy Uploaded by russavia) [CC BY 2.0], via Wikimedia Commons
