Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam
Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam

Video: Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam

Video: Qhov Sib Txawv Ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam
Video: Синхроническая лингвистика против диахронической лингвистики 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Privatization vs Disinvestment

Txawm hais tias kev lag luam ntiag tug thiab kev nqis peev yog cov ntsiab lus uas siv sib pauv tau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv hais txog kev ua tswv cuab. Disinvestment tej zaum yuav los yog tsis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm privatization. Thaum nws los txog rau kev txhais lub sij hawm privatization, nws feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev hloov pauv cov tswv cuab ntawm kev lag luam pej xeem rau cov lag luam ntiag tug hu ua tus tswv lag luam. Hauv kev nqis peev, tib txoj kev hloov pauv tshwm sim thaum khaws 26% lossis hauv qee qhov ntsiab lus 51% feem pua ntawm cov cai (piv txwv li lub zog pov npav) nrog rau cov koom haum pej xeem. Cov seem yog pauv mus rau tus khub xav tau. Hauv qhov no 26% ntawm kev tuav pov npav xaiv tsa, txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb tseem nyob nrog lub koom haum pej xeem.

Privatization yog dab tsi?

Raws li lub ntsiab lus, privatizations txhais tau tias hloov pauv cov ceg txheem ntseeg ntawm lub koom haum pej xeem mus rau ib tus neeg koom tes, feem ntau yog lub koom haum ntiav. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1980 thiab 1990s ntau lub koom haum UK tsoomfwv tau muab tso tseg. Xws li British Airways, cov tuam txhab roj av, cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. Theoretically, muaj peev xwm zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo hauv kev ua lag luam. Cov txiaj ntsig hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li qhov zoo dua. Qhov kev sib cav tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kom zoo dua no yog cov tuam txhab ntiag tug nrhiav kev txiav cov nqi thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo thiab yog li kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo tau xav txog. Nws tau hais tias, cov tuam txhab xws li British Airways thiab BT tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo tom qab kev lag luam ntiag tug. Qhov thib ob, qhov kev koom tes qis ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev nom kev tswv tau hais txog. Qhov kev nkag siab dav dav yog tias, tsoomfwv cov thawj coj txiav txim siab tsis zoo vim tias lawv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev kub ntxhov. Tab sis ib zaug privatized tias lub siab tsis muaj nyob thiab yog li kev txiav txim siab tau txais kev cia siab. Thirdly, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev pom, piv txwv tsoom fwv muaj lub sij hawm luv luv views muab cov kev xaiv tsa pressing, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, qhov tsis txaus siab los nqis peev rau hauv cov infrastructure muaj txiaj ntsig tau pom. Thib plaub, hauv kev ua lag luam ntiag tug, cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev pom ntawm cov neeg koom nrog. Thaum privatized, cov tswv lag luam yog cov muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha, uas thawb lub tuam txhab, thiab yog li kev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nce qib kev sib tw kuj tuaj yeem pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig. Thaum privatized, kev sib tw yog nce ntxiv muab cov neeg txheeb ze sib tw. Txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua lwm tus neeg sib tw, cov tuam txhab ntiag tug yuav tsum siv cov tswv yim sib tw kom ruaj ntseg nws txoj haujlwm sib tw thiab yog li cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.

Muab qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua lag luam ntiag tug kuj tuaj yeem pom. Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo rau pej xeem cov duab tau pom. Thaum ib lub koom haum pej xeem yog privatized, pej xeem cov duab nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub tuam txhab privatized raug txo vim hais tias cov pej xeem xav tias lub koom haum yog privatized vim tsis muaj kev tswj, profitability, thiab lwm yam. qhov tsis zoo.

Qhov txawv ntawm Privatization thiab Disinvestment
Qhov txawv ntawm Privatization thiab Disinvestment

Nyob rau hauv Privatization, tag nrho cov tswv yuav mus rau private sector

Dab tsi yog kev nqis peev?

Txawm hais tias yog tswv cuab (piv txwv li pej xeem lossis ntiag tug), txhua lub tuam txhab nkag siab txog tus nqi ntawm kev nthuav dav. Tsuas yog, kev loj hlob yog xav tau los ntawm yuav luag txhua lub tuam txhab hauv ntiaj teb. Hauv kev nqis peev, tib txoj kev hloov pauv tshwm sim zoo li hauv kev lag luam ntiag tug thaum khaws 26% lossis, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, 51% feem pua ntawm cov cai (piv txwv li lub zog pov npav) nrog rau cov koom haum pej xeem. Cov seem yog pauv mus rau tus khub xav tau. Hauv qhov no 26% lossis 51% ntawm kev tuav pov npav xaiv tsa, txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb tseem nyob nrog lub koom haum pej xeem. Ib yam li privatization, disinvestment zoo li muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Kev sib piv siab ntawm cov peev nyiaj ntiag tug, kev muaj peev xwm txhim kho hauv kev nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam tshiab thiab kev sib tw ntxiv tau pom tias yog qhov zoo ntawm cov tswv yim no. Hais txog qhov tsis zoo, poob ntawm pej xeem kev txaus siab, ntshai rau kev tswj hwm txawv teb chaws, teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm raug pom tias yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev nqis peev.

Privatization vs Disinvestment
Privatization vs Disinvestment

Nyob rau hauv kev nqis peev, tswv cuab yog nrog rau pej xeem thiab ntiag tug

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Privatization thiab Disinvestment?

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Ua Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam:

• Privatization yuav hloov pauv cov tswv cuab ntawm kev lag luam pej xeem mus rau kev lag luam ntiag tug hu ua tus tswv lag luam.

• Kev nqis peev tseem yog txheej txheem kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim thaum khaws 26% lossis, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, 51% feem pua ntawm cov cai (piv txwv li lub zog pov npav) nrog rau cov koom haum pej xeem. Qhov seem yog pauv mus rau tus khub xav tau.

tswv:

• Hauv kev ua lag luam ntiag tug, tag nrho cov tswv cuab raug xa mus rau tus khub tswv yim.

• Hauv kev nqis peev, feem ntau, 26% lossis 51% ntawm kev sib koom tau khaws cia nrog tsoomfwv lub tuam txhab, thiab cov seem raug xa mus rau tus khub tswv yim.

Pom zoo: