Saturated vs Unsaturated Solutions
Lub sij hawm saturation muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus hauv ntau ceg ntawm Chemistry. Thaum, hauv Physical Chemistry, lub tswv yim ntawm saturation txawv ntawm qhov saturation tau saib hauv Organic Chemistry. Txawm li cas los xij, lo lus saturation muaj keeb kwm Latin, thiab nws txhais tau tias 'sau'. Yog li ntawd, lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm saturation yog ua kom tag nrho lub peev xwm whereas unsaturation txhais tau hais tias tseem muaj qee qhov chaw ntxiv los ua kom tag nrho lub peev xwm.
Saturated Solution yog dab tsi?
Ib qho tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm dissolving ib qho kuab tshuaj. Qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov peb xa mus rau kev daws teeb meem. Nyob rau ntawm txhua qhov kub thiab qhov siab, muaj qhov txwv rau tus nqi ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau cov kuab tshuaj kom nyob twj ywm hauv cov txheej txheem daws. Qhov kev txwv no hu ua qhov saturation point. Nyob rau hauv kev sim ua kom yaj ntau dua cov ntsiab lus saturation, cov kua dej ntau dhau yuav tsim cov dej nag hauv qab, sib cais nws tus kheej mus rau theem khoom. Qhov no tshwm sim txhawm rau tswj hwm qhov txwv ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas cov tshuaj tuaj yeem tuav ntawm qhov kub thiab siab.
Yog li ntawd, txhua qhov kev daws teeb meem uas tau mus txog nws qhov chaw saturation yog hu ua 'saturated solution'. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, tuaj yeem muaj ob hom kev daws teeb meem saturated; siab saturated thiab ze li saturated. Thaum nws yog tag nrho saturated, feem ntau peb yuav pom ib tug tsim precipitate nyob rau hauv qab vim tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm ntxiv dissolution ntawm cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj. Whereas thaum nws yog ze li ntawm saturated, qhov kev daws yuav tuav ze li ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas xav tau rau saturation; li no me ntsis ntxiv solute tuaj yeem tawg mus rau hauv me ntsis precipitate hauv qab. Yog li ntawd, thaum ib qho kev daws yuav luag saturated, txawm tias peb xav tias nws yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem, peb yuav tsis pom ib qho dej nag hauv qab. Lub saturation point ntawm ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov kub thiab txias. Tib lub ntim ntawm cov kuab tshuaj yuav muaj peev xwm tuav tau ntau dua ntawm cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj theem thaum nyob rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Yog li ntawd, qhov kub thiab txias ntau dua, ntau dua qhov kev daws teeb meem xav tau rau saturation. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, thaum lub siab yog nce, saturation yog tiav yooj yim.
Thaum dissolving cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua li ntawd nrog kev sib tov. Qhov no yog ua tiav txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib xyaw hauv zos super saturation (me me ntawm ntim ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas dhau nws qhov saturation point). Yog li ntawd, cov kua yuav tsum sib npaug zos rau tag nrho cov ntim thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv tib qhov chaw.
Dab tsi yog Unsaturated Solution?
Cov kev daws teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg yog cov kev daws teeb meem uas muaj peev xwm ua kom cov kua dej ntau dua hauv lawv. Cov kev daws teeb meem no tseem tsis tau dhau lawv qhov chaw saturation li no yuav tsis muaj nag lossis daus hauv qab. Unsaturated kev daws teeb meem thiab ze li kev daws teeb meem, raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no, yuav zoo li yuav luag zoo ib yam los ntawm sab nraud, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv yooj yim los ntawm kev ua cov kauj ruam ceev. Ntawd yog, raws li kev sib cais ntawm me ntsis ntawm cov kua dej molecules, cov tshuaj yuav luag saturated yuav tawg mus rau hauv cov nag lossis daus yuav luag tam sim dhau qhov saturation point whereas rau cov tshuaj unsaturated, yuav tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo li cov solutes yuav tag nrho yaj txij li thaum muaj txaus. chav kom haum lawv nyob rau theem kev daws teeb meem.
Feem ntau, cov tshuaj uas tau saturated ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tuaj yeem ua tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias ntau dua vim qhov kub thiab txias ua rau muaj peev xwm nqa cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj theem.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Saturated thiab Unsaturated Solutions?
• saturated solutions tsis muaj peev xwm yaj cov kuab tshuaj ntxiv rau hauv cov theem kev daws teeb meem, whereas unsaturated solutions can.
• Feem ntau, cov kev daws teeb meem saturated muaj cov dej nag hauv qab tab sis cov kev daws teeb meem tsis txaus.
• Nrog nce kub, saturation txo qis tab sis unsaturation nce.
