Ascomycetes vs Basidiomycetes
Fungi yog ib pawg kab mob dav dav uas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau ecology thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Lawv suav hais tias yog cov decomposers tseem ceeb thiab cov kab mob ua rau muaj kab mob. Fungi muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw nrog rau ob qho tib si hauv av thiab hauv dej. Kev yug me nyuam ntawm lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib deev lossis kev sib deev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv qhia qee qhov txawv txawv ntawm mitosis uas tsis tuaj yeem pom hauv lwm yam kab mob. Mycologists ntseeg hais tias muaj ntau txog 1.5 lab hom kab mob fungal uas muaj nyob hauv ib leeg-celled poov xab los yog hauv ntau hom cellular nrog ntau hom cell. Kom nkag siab txog cov kab mob fungal, mycologists tau faib cov pab pawg ua xya monophyletic phyla, uas yog; Microsporidia, Blastocladiomycota, Neocallismastigomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Basidiomycota, thiab Ascomycota. Tawm ntawm xya pawg no, Ascomycota thiab Basidiomycota raug suav tias yog ob qhov loj tshaj plaws phyla uas suav nrog macro fungi.
Ascomycetes
Hais txog 75% ntawm cov fungi paub yog suav tias yog Ascomycetes, suav nrog cov khob cij, cov pwm pwm, morels, khob fungi, thiab truffles. Qee cov nroj tsuag kab mob xws li txiv ntseej blight, Cryphonecteria parasitica thiab Ophiostoma ulmi, thiab Penicillium kuj suav tias yog ascomycetes. Ascomycetes yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov kab mob decomposer thiab kab mob ua rau kab mob. Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib deev cov qauv hu ua ascus, qhov twg karyogamy tshwm sim.
Daim duab 1: Kev sib deev thiab kev sib deev kev sib deev ntawm ascomycetes
(Source:https://www.aber.ac.uk/fungi/fungi/taxonomy.htm)
Ascus muaj cov ascospores thiab tsim los ntawm heterokaryotic hyphae. Kev yug me nyuam ntawm asexual kuj tseem muaj ntau hauv ascomycetes. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm mitotically derived spores hu ua conidia, los yog los ntawm budding (hauv poov xab).
Basidiomycetes
Basidiomycetes feem ntau hu ua club fungi. Lawv suav nrog qee cov kab mob uas paub zoo tshaj plaws xws li nceb, toadstools, puffballs, jelly fungi, txee fungi, thiab qee cov nroj tsuag kab mob xws li xeb thiab smuts. Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib deev qauv hu ua basidium, uas yog lub club-puab, thiab nws yog qhov chaw uas karyogami lossis fusion ntawm ob lub nuclei tshwm sim.
Daim duab 2: Kev sib deev ntawm Basidiomycetes
(Source:
Meiosis tshwm sim tam sim tom qab karyogami ua rau plaub cov khoom haploid, uas tau muab tso rau hauv basidiospores. Hauv ntau hom phylum no, Basidiospores tau yug los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm basidia ntawm sterigmata.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ascomycetes thiab Basidiomycetes yog dab tsi?
• Cov qauv tsim tawm ntawm ascomycetes yog ascus, whereas ntawm basidiomycetes yog basidium.
• Acetomycetes suav nrog ntau hom fungi ntau dua li basidiomycetes.
• Hauv basidiomycetes, spores raug tsim tawm sab nraud txuas nrog basidium whereas, hauv ascomycetes, spores yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub ascus.
• Hauv basidiomycetes, basidia txuas rau basidiocarp whereas, hauv ascomycetes, asci txuas rau ascocarp.
• Spores ntawm basidiomycetes hu ua basidiospores. Hauv qhov sib piv, ascomycetes tuaj yeem tsim tau ob qho tib si conidia thiab ascuspores ua lawv cov spores.
• Tsis zoo li cov basidiomycetes, ascomycetes muaj ib hom kab mob fungal hu ua poov xab.
• Hauv basidiomycetes, kev sib deev kev sib deev muaj tshwm sim thaum, nyob rau hauv ascomycetes, ob qho tib si kev sib deev thiab asexual reproduction muaj.
