Aluminium vs Stainless hlau
Hlau yog ib qho hlau ua los ntawm hlau thiab carbon. Cov pa roj carbon feem pua tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qib thiab feem ntau nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.2% thiab 2.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav. Txawm hais tias cov pa roj carbon yog cov khoom tseem ceeb alloying rau hlau qee yam khoom xws li Tungsten, chromium, manganese kuj tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj. Ntau hom thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom siv alloying txiav txim siab hardness, ductility thiab tensile zog ntawm steel. Alloying lub luag haujlwm yog lub luag haujlwm tswj xyuas cov qauv siv lead ua lattice ntawm cov hlau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm cov hlau atoms. Yog li, nws ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev hardening hauv steel. Qhov ceev ntawm cov hlau txawv ntawm 7, 750 thiab 8, 050 kg / m 3 thiab, qhov no cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ib yam. Kev kho cua sov yog txheej txheem uas hloov cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau ductility, hardness thiab hluav taws xob thiab thermal zog ntawm steel. Muaj ntau hom hlau xws li carbon steel, me me steel, stainless hlau, thiab lwm yam. Hlau yog tsuas yog siv rau kev tsim kho lub hom phiaj. Cov tsev, chaw ntau pob, railway lem, txuas hniav yog ob peb qhov chaw ntawm ntau qhov chaw uas siv hlau hnyav heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tau siv hauv tsheb, nkoj, dav hlau, tshuab, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev niaj hnub no kuj ua los ntawm cov hlau. Tam sim no feem ntau cov rooj tog kuj tau hloov los ntawm cov khoom steel.
Aluminium
Aluminium los yog Al yog ib lub caij nyob rau hauv pawg 3 thiab lub sij hawm 3 uas muaj cov atomic tooj ntawm 13. Cov electron configuration ntawm Al yog 1s2 2s 2 2p6 3s2 3p1 Al yog ib qho nyiaj dawb dawb, thiab nws yog cov hlau ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb crust. Al tsis soluble hauv dej ntawm chav tsev kub. Atomic hnyav ntawm Al yog hais txog 27 g mol-1, thiab nws yog ib lub teeb yuag, tsis tshua muaj ntom thiab ruaj hlau. Nws yog ib tug zoo hluav taws xob conductor. Al tsis yooj yim ignite. Al yog qhia ob qho tib si hlau thiab tsis yog xim hlau; Yog li ntawd, nws yog amphoteric. Raws li ib tug hlau, nws reacts nrog acids tso hydrogen gas thiab tsim lub +3 them hlau ions. Raws li cov hlau tsis yog hlau, nws hnov mob nrog kub alkali daws thiab tsim aluminate ions.
Vim Al yog ib yam nkaus li reactive nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv dawb, ib txwm nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv minerals. Lub ntsiab Al uas muaj cov ntxhia yog bauxite. Loj bauxite ores nyob rau hauv Australia, Brazil, Jamaica thiab Guinea. Nws kuj yog nyob rau hauv cov minerals xws li cryolite, beryl, garnet, thiab lwm yam. Al yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv tsheb thiab lwm yam tsheb manufacturing, kev tsim kho, pleev xim rau, rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, ntim khoom thiab lwm yam vim nws tsis tshua muaj siab thiab tsis kam mus corrosion. Ntshiab aluminium yog mos thiab tsis muaj zog siv nws, tab sis nws yog tov nrog lwm yam xws li hlau los yog silicon (hauv me me) kom muaj zog thiab hardness.
Stainless hlau
Stainless steel txawv ntawm lwm cov hlau alloys vim nws tsis corrode los yog xeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb ntawm steel raws li tau hais los saum toj no. Stainless hlau yog txawv los ntawm cov hlau vim muaj cov chromium tam sim no. Nws muaj tsawg kawg yog 10.5% mus rau 11% chromium tus nqi los ntawm huab hwm coj. Yog li nws tsim ib txheej chromium oxide uas yog inert. Qhov no yog vim li cas rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm corrosion ntawm stainless hlau. Yog li ntawd, stainless hlau yog siv rau ntau lub hom phiaj xws li nyob rau hauv lub tsev, monuments, tsheb, machinery, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Aluminium thiab Stainless Hlau yog dab tsi?
• Txhuas yog ib yam khoom, thiab stainless hlau yog ib qho alloy.
• Stainless hlau tsis corrode los yog stains nrog dej whereas txhuas yog reactive.
• Aluminium yog qhov hnyav dua li hlau.
• Hlau yog malleable dua aluminium.
