Space vs Time
Qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas tau tham hauv ntau yam. Lub tswv yim ntawm qhov chaw yog ib lub tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws, thiab nws nyuaj heev los txhais. Lub tswv yim ntawm lub sij hawm kuj yog ib lub tswv yim intuitive thiab nyuaj los txhais. Qhov chaw thiab lub sij hawm yog ob qhov loj me hauv Newtonian mechanics thiab lwm yam classical mechanics. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm kom ua tau zoo hauv cov haujlwm xws li classical mechanics, relativity, quantum mechanics thiab txawm tias lub tswv yim. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog seb qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm yog dab tsi, lawv cov lus txhais tau zoo tshaj plaws, kev siv ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm, qhov zoo sib xws thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm.
Space
Space tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau raws li qhov peb seem tsis muaj kev cia siab uas cov xwm txheej tshwm sim, thiab cov khoom raug muab tso rau. Hauv cov lus yooj yim, txhua yam peb paub tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw. Kev sib koom tes yog txhais los ntsuas qhov chaw thiab ntsuas cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw. Feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib koom tes no yog Cartesian kev tswj hwm qhov system, dav hlau polar coordinate system, spherical polar coordinate system, thiab cylindrical polar coordinate system. Qhov chaw tau suav tias yog qhov ruaj khov hauv kev kawm ntawm classical mechanics. Nyob rau hauv classical mechanics, ob qho tib si qhov chaw thiab lub sij hawm yog ywj siab ntawm cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim. Nrog kev nce ntawm cov kev xav dav dav ntawm kev sib txheeb, nws tau pom tias qhov chaw tiag tiag tsis yog qhov muaj nuj nqis. Qhov chaw - lub sij hawm yog "kov" nyob ntawm seb cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv nws. Nrog rau qhov chaw no - lub sij hawm contraction tswvyim, phenomena xws li ntev contraction thiab lub sij hawm dilation yog pom. Cov phenomena no tsis tau piav qhia los ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov.
sijhawm
Lub Sijhawm tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau raws li lub sijhawm nws siv sijhawm ntawm ob lub sijhawm. Lub tswv yim ntawm lub sijhawm tsis txhais tau. Lub sij hawm, nrog rau qhov chaw thiab huab hwm coj ua rau peb qhov loj me hauv classical mechanics. Cov no suav nrog [T], [L] thiab [M] raws. Nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm classical mechanics, lub sij hawm yog assumed los ntawm invariant cov ntsiab lus. Lub tswv yim no txhais tau hais tias lub sij hawm tsis hloov nrog kev hwm rau lwm yam tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev qhia txog kev sib raug zoo tshwj xeeb, lub sijhawm tau ua pov thawj tias yog qhov sib txawv. Lub sijhawm ntawm ob qhov xwm txheej nyob ntawm qhov nrawm qhov xwm txheej tau tshwm sim nrog rau tus neeg soj ntsuam. Qhov no yog hu ua lub sij hawm dilation. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub physics, lub sij hawm yog siv raws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm variant. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis sib xws hauv physics niaj hnub no yog qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Qhov Chaw thiab Sijhawm yog dab tsi?
• Ob qhov chaw thiab lub sijhawm yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuab ua haujlwm qub.
• Txoj kev xav tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib txheeb piav txog lub sij hawm dilation nyob rau hauv relativistic speeds, whereas general txoj kev xav ntawm relativity piav qhov chaw - lub sij hawm curvature.
