Oxidation vs Combustion
Kev txo qis oxidation yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg uas peb nquag tuaj hauv lub neej.
Oxidation
Keeb kwm oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raug txheeb xyuas raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov pa oxygen koom nrog. Nyob ntawd, cov pa oxygen ua ke nrog lwm cov molecule los tsim cov oxide. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, cov pa oxygen txo qis thiab lwm yam khoom siv oxidation. Yog li ntawd, hauv paus, oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ntxiv oxygen rau lwm yam khoom. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nram qab no, hydrogen undergoes oxidation thiab, yog li ntawd, oxygen atom tau ntxiv rau hydrogen ua dej.
2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
Lwm txoj hauv kev los piav txog oxidation yog qhov poob ntawm hydrogen. Muaj qee lub sijhawm uas nws nyuaj los piav txog oxidation li ntxiv oxygen. Piv txwv li, hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no, oxygen tau ntxiv rau carbon thiab hydrogen, tab sis tsuas yog cov pa roj carbon monoxide tau dhau los ua oxidation. Hauv qhov no, oxidation tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev hais tias nws yog qhov poob ntawm hydrogen. Raws li hydrogens tau tshem tawm ntawm methane thaum tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide, carbon tau raug oxidized.
CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H 2O
Lwm txoj hauv kev los piav txog oxidation yog poob ntawm electrons. Txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem siv los piav qhia txog tshuaj lom neeg, qhov twg peb tsis tuaj yeem pom kev tsim oxide lossis hydrogen poob. Yog li, txawm tias tsis muaj oxygen, peb tuaj yeem piav qhia oxidation siv txoj hauv kev no. Piv txwv li hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no, magnesium tau hloov mus rau magnesium ions. Txij li thaum, magnesium tau poob ob lub electrons nws tau dhau oxidation thiab chlorine gas yog tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing.
Mg + Cl2 -> Mg2+ + 2Cl–
Oxidation xeev pab txheeb xyuas cov atoms uas tau dhau los oxidation. Raws li IUPAC txhais, oxidation lub xeev yog "ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm oxidation ntawm ib qho atom hauv cov khoom. Nws txhais tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm atom yuav xav txog kom muaj. " Oxidation lub xeev yog tus lej suav, thiab nws tuaj yeem yog qhov zoo, tsis zoo lossis xoom. Oxidation lub xeev ntawm ib lub atom yuav raug hloov raws li tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog hais tias lub xeev oxidation nce, ces lub atom yog hais tias yuav oxidized. Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no, magnesium muaj xoom oxidation xeev thiab magnesium ion muaj +2 oxidation xeev. Txij li thaum tus lej oxidation tau nce, magnesium tau oxidized.
Combustion
Combustion lossis cua sov yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov cua sov ua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic. Rau qhov kev tshwm sim tshwm sim, cov roj thiab cov oxidant yuav tsum nyob ntawd. Cov khoom uas raug combustion yog hu ua fuels. Cov no tuaj yeem yog hydrocarbons xws li petrol, diesel, methane, lossis hydrogen gas, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau cov oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev yog oxygen, tab sis kuj muaj lwm yam oxidants xws li fluorine thiab. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov roj yog oxidized los ntawm oxidant. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Thaum siv hydrocarbon fuels, cov khoom tom qab ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog carbon dioxide thiab dej. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov hluav taws kub tsis tshwm sim tag nrho, carbon monoxide thiab lwm yam khoom tuaj yeem tso tawm rau hauv qhov chaw, thiab qhov ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab paug ntau.
Qhov txawv ntawm Oxidation thiab combustion yog dab tsi?
• combustion yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation.
• Rau combustion, cov oxidant ib txwm yog oxygen tab sis, rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation tshwm sim, oxygen tsis tseem ceeb.
• Hauv combustion, cov khoom lag luam feem ntau yog dej thiab carbon dioxide tab sis, hauv oxidation, cov khoom tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm cov khoom pib. Txawm li cas los xij, ib txwm lawv yuav muaj lub xeev oxidation ntau dua li cov reactants.
• Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv combustion, hluav taws xob thiab lub teeb raug tsim, thiab ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua los ntawm lub zog. Tab sis rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm muaj tseeb.
