Qhov txawv ntawm Particle thiab Molecule

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

Particle vs Molecule

Atoms yog cov chav me me, uas sau los ua txhua yam tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm. Atoms tuaj yeem koom nrog lwm cov atoms hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, yog li tsim ntau txhiab molecules. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus muaj ib tug diatomic los yog polyatomic kev npaj kom ruaj ntseg tsuas yog cov Nobel gases. Raws li lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pub dawb lossis tshem tawm lub peev xwm, lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus cog lus lossis ionic bonds. Qee zaum, muaj qhov tsis muaj zog heev ntawm cov atoms. Cov particles thiab molecules muaj cov cwj pwm zoo sib xws thiab cov khoom vim tias cov molecule kuj yog ib yam.

Particle

Particle yog ib lo lus dav dav. Nyob ntawm seb peb siv qhov twg, peb tuaj yeem txhais nws. Feem ntau particle yog ib yam khoom uas muaj qhov loj thiab ntim, thiab nws yuav tsum muaj lwm yam khoom siv lub cev thiab. Nws yog ib yam khoom me me, hauv zos thiab. Feem ntau peb sawv cev rau ib tug particle nrog ib tug dot thiab nws lub zog yog random. Seb peb puas tuaj yeem hu rau ib qho khoom ib qho yog nyob ntawm qhov loj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws uas muaj ntau cov molecules yaj nyob rau hauv, peb tuaj yeem hais tias ib qho molecule li ib qho particle. Particle txoj kev xav piav qhia txog cov khoom raws li hauv qab no.

• Teeb meem yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom me me.

• Cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem no tau tuav ua ke los ntawm lub zog muaj zog.

• Particles in matter is in the motion.

• Kub kub cuam tshuam qhov nrawm ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, particle txav yog siab dua.

• Hauv qhov teeb meem, muaj qhov chaw loj ntawm cov khoom. Piv nrog rau cov chaw no, cov khoom me me heev.

• Cov khoom hauv ib yam khoom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab nws txawv ntawm cov khoom hauv lwm yam khoom.

Qee zaum cov khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom me me. Piv txwv li, peb xav txog cov molecules ua cov khoom ntawm qee qhov chaw. Lub molecule yog tsim los ntawm atoms, thiab lawv tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog cov khoom. Muaj sub atomic particles hauv ib lub atom. Ib qho sub atomic particle kuj tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau yam. Yog li, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej.

Molecule

Molecules yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ob lossis ntau lub atoms ntawm tib lub caij (xws li O₂, N₂) lossis txawv element (H₂O, NH₃). Molecules tsis muaj nqi, thiab cov atoms yog sib koom los ntawm covalent bonds. Molecules tuaj yeem loj heev (hemoglobin) lossis me me (H ₂), nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus atoms uas txuas nrog. Hom thiab tus naj npawb ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule yog qhia los ntawm cov mis mos molecular. Qhov yooj yim tshaj tus lej piv ntawm atoms tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule yog muab los ntawm cov qauv empirical. Piv txwv li, C₆H₁₂O₆ yog tus qauv molecular ntawm qabzib, thiab CH. 2_{O is the empirical formula. Molecular mass yog qhov loj suav nrog rau tag nrho cov atoms muab rau hauv cov mis molecular. Txhua molecule muaj nws tus kheej geometry. Lub atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug molecule yog teem nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau ruaj khov yam nrog tshwj xeeb daim ntawv cog lus lub kaum sab xis thiab daim ntawv cog lus ntev, kom txo tau cov repulsions thiab straining-forces.}

Qhov txawv ntawm Particle thiab Molecule yog dab tsi?

• Molecule kuj yog ib qho particle.

• Molecules yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ob lossis ntau lub atoms ntawm tib lub caij.

• Cov khoom tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Cov khoom tuaj yeem yog molecules, atoms, ions, thiab lwm yam.