Cov Khoom Ntshiab vs Homogeneous Mixture
Ib lub ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso. Lawv tsim ntau yam kev sib txuas ntawm lawv lossis nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus kom muaj nyob. Tsis tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus, molecules thiab cov tebchaw kuj zoo li sib xyaw nrog ntau hom tsiaj hauv qhov xwm txheej. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem faib cov teeb meem hauv ob pawg raws li cov tshuaj ntshiab thiab cov khoom sib tov. Kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob, raws li homogeneous sib xyaw thiab sib xyaw heterogeneous.
Khoom Ntshiab
Cov khoom ntshiab tsis tuaj yeem muab cais ua ob lossis ntau dua los ntawm kev siv tshuab lossis lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom ntshiab yog homogenous. Nws muaj ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke thoob plaws hauv cov qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom ntawm nws kuj zoo ib yam thoob plaws hauv cov qauv. Cov ntsiab lus yog cov khoom ntshiab. Ib lub caij yog ib yam tshuaj, uas muaj tsuas yog ib hom atoms; li no, lawv yog neeg dawb huv. Muaj txog 118 lub ntsiab lus tau muab rau hauv lub rooj zaum raws li lawv tus lej atomic. Piv txwv li, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yog cov hydrogen. Nyiaj, kub, thiab platinum yog ib co ntawm cov feem ntau paub cov khoom muaj nqis. Cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem raug hloov pauv tshuaj los ua ntau yam sib xyaw; Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus tsis tuaj yeem tawg ntxiv los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj yooj yim. Cov tshuaj yog lwm hom tshuaj dawb huv. Cov tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm ob lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj sib txawv. Txawm hais tias muaj ob lossis ntau lub ntsiab lus koom nrog thaum tsim ib qho chaw, cov no tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev siv lub cev. Es tsis txhob, lawv tsuas yog decomposed los ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, qhov no ua rau ib tug compound ib yam khoom ntshiab.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa sawv daws.
Kev sib xyaw muaj ob lossis ntau yam tshuaj, uas tsis yog tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke. Lawv tsuas muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev. Txij li thaum lawv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tshuaj lom neeg, hauv kev sib tov, cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm tus kheej khaws cia yam tsis hloov pauv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom ntawm lub cev zoo li melting point, boiling point yuav txawv nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov piv rau nws tus kheej cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem sib cais siv cov khoom siv lub cev. Piv txwv li, hexane tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm hexane thiab dej, vim tias hexane boils thiab evaporates ua ntej dej. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov yuav txawv, thiab cov nyiaj no tsis muaj ib tug taag ratio. Yog li ntawd, txawm tias ob qho kev sib xyaw uas muaj cov tshuaj zoo sib xws tuaj yeem sib txawv, vim qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv qhov sib xyaw ua ke. Kev daws, alloys, colloids, suspensions yog hom kev sib tov. Kev sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob yam li homogeneous sib xyaw thiab sib xyaw heterogeneous. Kev sib xyaw heterogeneous muaj ob lossis ntau theem thiab cov khoom tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tus kheej. Ib homogeneous sib tov yog uniform; yog li ntawd, cov khoom ntawm tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem raug cais tawm. Thaum tso cai rau nyob twj ywm undisturbed, lub Cheebtsam ntawm ib homogeneous sib tov tsis nyob twj ywm. Kev daws thiab colloids yog ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke. Lub Cheebtsam ntawm kev daws yog feem ntau ntawm ob hom, cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov kuab tshuaj. Solvent dissolves lub solutes thiab tsim ib qho kev daws teeb meem. Cov khoom hauv cov tshuaj colloidal yog qhov nruab nrab me me (loj dua li cov molecules), piv rau cov khoom hauv cov kev daws teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis pom qhov muag liab qab thiab tsis tuaj yeem lim siv cov ntawv lim.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Pure Substance thiab Homogeneous Mixture?
• Cov tshuaj ntshiab yog tsim los ntawm ib qho khoom, hos homogeneous sib tov yog tsim los ntawm ib lossis ntau yam khoom.
• Cov khoom ntshiab tsis tuaj yeem muab cais ua ob lossis ntau dua los ntawm kev siv tshuab lossis lub cev. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib homogeneous sib tov tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm qee txoj kev.
• Cov tshuaj ntshiab muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov piv rau homogeneous sib tov.
