Subnetting vs Supernetting
Subnetting yog txheej txheem ntawm kev faib cov IP network rau hauv sub faib hu ua subnets. Cov khoos phis tawj uas koom nrog lub network sub muaj ib pawg ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv lawv qhov chaw nyob IP. Yog li, qhov no yuav rhuav tshem tus IP chaw nyob rau hauv ob feem (logically), raws li lub network prefix thiab lwm qhov chaw. Supernetting yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas ob peb sub networks, uas muaj ib qho Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) routing prefix. Suppernetting tseem hu ua txoj kev sib sau ua ke lossis kev sib sau ua ke.
Dab tsi yog Subnetting?
txheej txheem ntawm kev faib tus IP network rau hauv sub faib yog hu ua subnetting. Subnetting faib tus IP chaw nyob rau hauv ob feem raws li lub network (los yog routing prefix) thiab tus so (uas yog siv los txheeb xyuas tus tswv tsev tshwj xeeb). CIDR cov ntawv sau yog siv los sau cov lus qhia ua ntej. Cov ntawv sau no siv tus lej sib cais (/) txhawm rau cais lub network pib chaw nyob thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub network prefix (hauv cov khoom). Piv txwv li, hauv IPv4, 192.60.128.0/22 qhia tias 22 cov khoom raug faib rau lub network prefix thiab 10 cov khoom ntxiv yog tshwj tseg rau tus tswv tsev chaw nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd, routing prefix kuj tuaj yeem sawv cev siv lub npog ntsej muag subnet. 255.255.252.0 (11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000) yog lub ntsej muag subnet rau 192.60.128.0/22. Kev sib cais ntawm lub network thiab qhov subnet feem ntawm tus IP chaw nyob yog ua los ntawm kev ua haujlwm me ntsis THIAB ua haujlwm ntawm tus IP chaw nyob thiab lub npog ntsej muag subnet. Qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev txheeb xyuas lub network ua ntej thiab tus cim tus tswv.
Dab tsi yog Supernetting?
Supernetting yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas ntau tus IP tes hauj lwm nrog cov npe sib koom ua ke. Supernetting tau qhia los ua ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev nce loj hauv cov rooj sib tham. Supernetting kuj ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem routing. Piv txwv li, cov subnetworks 192.60.2.0/24 thiab 192.60.3.0/24 tuaj yeem ua ke rau hauv lub supernetwork uas tau hais los ntawm 192.60.2.0/23. Nyob rau hauv lub supernet, thawj 23 khoom yog lub network ib feem ntawm qhov chaw nyob thiab lwm yam 9 khoom siv los ua tus tswv tsev tus cim. Yog li, ib qho chaw nyob yuav sawv cev rau ob peb lub network me me thiab qhov no yuav txo qis tus lej nkag uas yuav tsum tau suav nrog hauv lub rooj sib tham. Feem ntau, supernetting yog siv rau chav kawm C IP chaw nyob (chaw nyob pib nrog 192 txog 223 nyob rau hauv kaum), thiab feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem routing txhawb supernetting. Piv txwv ntawm cov kev cai no yog Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) thiab Qhib Txoj Kev Shortest First (OSPF). Tab sis, cov txheej txheem xws li Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) thiab Routing Information Protocol (RIP) tsis txhawb supernetting.
Qhov txawv ntawm Subnetting thiab Supernetting yog dab tsi?
Subnetting yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib IP network rau hauv sub faib hu ua subnets whereas, Supernetting yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txuas ntau tus IP network nrog cov npe sib koom ua ke. Supernetting yuav txo tus naj npawb ntawm nkag hauv lub rooj sib tham thiab tseem yuav ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem routing. Hauv subnetting, host ID cov khoom (rau IP chaw nyob los ntawm ib lub network ID) tau qiv los siv los ua subnet ID, thaum nyob rau hauv supernetting, cov khoom siv los ntawm lub network ID raug qiv los siv ua tus tswv tsev ID.
