Static vs Dynamic Electricity
Peb txhua tus paub txog hluav taws xob raws li peb pom nws ua haujlwm ntawm lub teeb, kiv cua, AC's, tub yees thiab ntau lwm yam khoom siv. Nws yog ib hom hluav taws xob uas muaj peev xwm ua kom cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Peb tsis tuaj yeem pom hluav taws xob tab sis nws cov txiaj ntsig yog pom, hnov, hnov tsw thiab tuaj yeem kov tau (xws li thaum peb poob siab). Qhov tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws xob tau yooj yim piav qhia los ntawm electron txoj kev xav. Muaj ob hom hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob dynamic thiab hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm ob hom hluav taws xob no uas yuav tau tham txog hauv kab lus no.
Txhua qhov teeb meem yog tsim los ntawm cov atoms uas muaj cov lej sib npaug ntawm cov neutrons thiab protons hauv lawv cov nucleus thiab cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv sab nraum lub nucleus hauv orbits. Hauv qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, protons (cov nqi zoo) sib npaug ntawm cov hluav taws xob (cov nqi tsis zoo) vim lawv sib npaug ntawm cov lej. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov atoms muaj peev xwm nyiam cov electrons thaum qee qhov muaj peev xwm los plam lawv cov electrons. Qhov no yog hu ua electron flow. Electrons nyob rau hauv lub orbits ntawm lub atoms yog xoob (tsawg zog attracted rau protons nyob rau hauv lub nucleus) thiab yog li xws li hu ua dawb electrons. Cov electrons no tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm cov atoms thiab cov kwj tsis tu ncua ntawm cov electrons tsim hluav taws xob tam sim no. Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm lawv lub peev xwm poob los yog nce electrons, cov khoom raug cais raws li cov conductors, insulators thiab semi conductors. Thaum hlau yog conductors, iav, ntoo, roj hmab thiab lwm yam yog insulators.
hluav taws xob zoo li qub yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov insulators. Thaum ob lub insulators zoo li lub zais pa roj hmab thiab cov nplais yas raug rub tawm rau ib leeg, ob qho tib si ua hluav taws xob. Thaum ib tug poob ib co electrons, lwm tus tau txais ib co electrons. Qhov no pom tau tias lub zais pa tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm phab ntsa thaum qhov ntsuas tau txais peev xwm nyiam cov ntawv me me. Cov khoom uas poob electrons yuav zoo them thiab cov khoom uas tau txais electrons yuav tsis zoo them. Cov nqi no nyob ruaj khov thiab nyob twj ywm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom. Txij li thaum tsis muaj qhov ntws ntawm electrons, qhov no yog hu ua hluav taws xob zoo li qub.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, thaum cov hluav taws xob tau tso tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv thiab ua kom ntws mus rau hauv cov khoom siv, nws tsim hluav taws xob tsis zoo thiab yog hom uas peb paub. Yog tias cov hluav taws xob ntws hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, qhov tam sim no uas tsim tawm yog hu ua DC tam sim no (piv txwv li qhov tam sim no tsim hauv lub roj teeb ntawm koj lub tsheb). Yog tias cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv lawv cov kev taw qhia tsis tu ncua los ntawm qhov zoo mus rau qhov tsis zoo, cov hluav taws xob tsim tawm hu ua alternating tam sim no (AC). Qhov no yog hom hluav taws xob uas muab rau peb lub tsev thiab khiav tag nrho peb cov khoom siv.
In luv:
Static Electricity vs Dynamic Electricity
• Ntws ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv ib yam khoom yog hu ua hluav taws xob
• Yog tias muaj hluav taws xob zoo li qub tsis muaj qhov ntws ntawm electrons thiab nws yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo xwb. Cov electrons nyob ruaj ruaj thiab tsis txav mus.
• Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm dynamic hluav taws xob, qhov ntws ntawm electrons tuaj yeem yog nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia (ncig tam sim no), lossis nws tuaj yeem hloov cov lus qhia ntau zaus (alternating tam sim no).
