Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic catalysts yog cov organic catalysts tseem ceeb suav nrog C, H, thiab O atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj, hos inorganic catalyst tsis tseem ceeb muaj C, H, thiab O atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj.
A catalyst yog ib hom tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kom nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tab sis tsis tau noj thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Muaj plaub hom catalysts; Lawv yog homogeneous, heterogeneous, heterofenized, thiab biocatalysts.
Dab tsi yog Organic Catalysts?
Organic catalysts yog cov catalysts uas muaj cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj kom nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov catalysts no koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem organocatalysis. Yog li ntawd nws yog lub npe hu ua organocatalyst ib yam nkaus. Nws muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg, uas yog nonmetals uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov organic compounds.
Organic catalysts feem ntau yuam kev raws li lub npe tsis raug rau cov enzymes vim lawv qhov sib xws hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov lus piav qhia. Cov tebchaw no muaj qhov sib piv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov qauv catalysis koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm organocatalysis qhia txog kev ua haujlwm amine theem nrab. Peb tuaj yeem piav qhia nws tias ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv catalysis lossis iminium catalysis.
Enamine catalysis - los ntawm kev tsim cov catalytic ntau ntawm cov nquag enamine nucleophile.
Iminium catalysis - los ntawm kev tsim cov catalytic kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm activated iminium electrophile.
Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau raug rau covalent organocatalysis.
Muaj ntau ntau yam txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv cov organic catalysts. Nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau hlau-raws li catalysis; yog li ntawd, nws ua rau muaj kev koom tes rau ntsuab chemistry. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov organic acids yooj yim tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li catalysts rau kev hloov kho cellulose hauv dej ntawm ntau lub tin nplai. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov organic catalyst yog chiral, nws qhib txoj hauv kev rau asymmetric catalysis, xws li hauv proline koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol.
Ntxiv mus, tsis tu ncua achiral organic catalysts muaj nitrogen nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm piperidine uas yog siv nyob rau hauv Knoevenagel condensation.
Dab tsi yog Inorganic Catalysts?
Inorganic catalysts yog cov tshuaj catalytic uas muaj cov qauv tshuaj inorganic thiab pab ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj kom nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov no tseem hu ua heterogeneous catalysts. Lawv txhawb cov hlau uas ua raws li kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov enzymes. Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tsis muaj zog muaj xws li poov tshuaj permanganate.
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate, hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem decompose rau hauv dej thiab oxygen gas nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muab ob moles dej thiab ib mole ntawm oxygen thaum siv ob lub hydrogen peroxide molecules.
Feem ntau, hom catalyst no yog ua los ntawm cov hlau thiab hlau oxides. Qhov no yog vim lub siab thermal stability. Thermal stability yog xav tau los ntawm ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Organic thiab Inorganic Catalysts yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau hom catalysts uas peb tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic catalysts yog cov organic catalysts tseem ceeb suav nrog C, H, thiab O atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj, hos inorganic catalyst tsis tseem ceeb muaj C, H, thiab O atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj. Enzymes zoo li kinases, invertase, thiab polymerase yog cov organic catalysts, whereas hlau xws li palladium, cob alt, thiab tooj liab yog inorganic catalysts. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov organic catalysts tuaj yeem ua ke hauv cov cell muaj sia los yog tsim cov khoom siv dag zog, thaum cov catalysts inorganic tsis tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov cell uas muaj sia nyob, yog li tsim tau tsuas yog artificially.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic catalysts hauv daim ntawv tabular rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Organic vs Inorganic Catalysts
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic catalysts yog cov organic catalysts tseem ceeb suav nrog C, H, thiab O atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj, hos inorganic catalyst tsis muaj C, H, thiab O atoms tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv tshuaj. Ob hom catalysts pab txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj
