Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isotonic thiab isoelectronic hom yog cov hom isotonic muaj cov lej zoo sib xws ntawm cov neutrons, whereas isoelectronic hom muaj cov lej zoo sib xws.
Cov ntsiab lus isotonic thiab isoelectronic hais txog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj qee yam sib xws, piv txwv li, tib tus lej ntawm electrons, tib tus lej ntawm neutrons, thiab lwm yam.
Isotonic Hom yog dab tsi?
Isotonic hom yog hom tshuaj muaj cov lej ntawm cov neutrons. Cov no tseem hu ua isotones. Isotones yog ob lossis ntau dua nuclides nrog tib tus lej ntawm neutrons, tab sis lawv muaj cov lej sib txawv ntawm cov protons. Tus lej neutron yog txhais los ntawm N, thiab tus lej proton yog tus lej Z.
Ib qho piv txwv yuav yog boron -12 thiab carbon - 13 nuclei. Ob leeg cov nuclides no muaj 7 neutrons hauv txhua lub atom. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hu lawv ua isotones. Ib pawg zoo sib xws ntawm isotonic hom muaj xws li atoms nrog 20 neutrons ib atom. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog S-36, Cl-37, Ar-38, K-39, thiab Ca-40. Tag nrho cov atoms no muaj 20 neutrons tab sis txawv tus lej ntawm protons. Peb tuaj yeem tau txais tus lej ntawm cov protons los ntawm kev txiav tawm 20 los ntawm tus lej loj. Piv txwv li, rau sulfur atom, tus naj npawb ntawm protons ib atom=36 - 20=16.
Lo lus isotonic los ntawm Greek lub ntsiab lus "tib yam stretching." Nws tau qhia los ntawm German physicist K. Guggenheimer. Nws tuaj yeem muaj ntau lub atoms nrog tib tus lej ntawm cov neutrons thaum xav txog cov isotopes ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj. Feem ntau, qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev soj ntsuam ruaj khov nuclides tawm rau ob hom isotonic 50 thiab 82.
Isoelectronic Hom yog dab tsi?
Y Isoelectronic hom yog hom tshuaj muaj cov lej ntawm cov electrons zoo ib yam. Hauv lwm lo lus, hom isoelectronic muaj tib tus lej ntawm cov hluav taws xob lossis cov qauv hluav taws xob tib yam. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua isoelectronicity.
Piv txwv li, carbon monoxide, NO +, thiab N2 yog hom tshuaj isoelectronic vim tias cov qauv no muaj tib tus lej ntawm electrons ib qho chaw. Hauv qhov sib piv, CH3COOH thiab CH3N=NCH3 tsis yog isoelectronic vim lawv muaj ntau tus lej ntawm electrons.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj isoelectronic yog qhov muaj peev xwm los kawm txog cov tsiaj muaj feem cuam tshuam raws li cov khub lossis series. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias qhov no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib xws thiab kev kwv yees ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj no. Yog li ntawd, nws muab peb cov lus qhia txog cov khoom muaj peev xwm thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Piv txwv li, N atom thiab O + ion yog isoelectronic nrog ib leeg. Qhov no yog vim hais tias ob hom no muaj tsib valence electrons thiab [Nws] 2s22p3. Lwm qhov piv txwv yog cov cations nrog K+, Ca2+, thiab Sc3+. Ib yam li ntawd, Cl-, S2-, thiab P3- yog ib qho anion series nrog cov xov tooj zoo sib xws.
Nyob hauv diatomic molecules, peb tuaj yeem siv cov duab molecular orbital los piav qhia txog isoelectronicity nyob rau hauv diatomic molecule. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias atomic orbitals uas sib tov nyob rau hauv isoelectronic hom, qhia txog qhov zoo tib yam orbital ua ke nrog rau kev sib txuas.
Muaj qee cov tshuaj polyatomic uas tuaj yeem ua isoelectronic nrog ib leeg. Ib qho piv txwv paub zoo yuav yog amino acid series nrog serine, cysteine, thiab selenocysteine . Cov amino acids no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li cov chalcogen tshwj xeeb uas muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv cov saw hlau sab.
Qhov txawv ntawm Isotonic thiab Isoelectronic Hom yog dab tsi?
Isotonic thiab isoelectronic chemical hom yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kawm txog cov khoom siv tshuaj ntawm cov khoom sib txuas. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isotonic thiab isoelectronic hom yog nyob rau hauv isotonic hom, tus naj npawb ntawm neutrons yog tib yam, whereas, nyob rau hauv isoelectronic hom, tus naj npawb ntawm electrons yog tib yam.
Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm isotonic thiab isoelectronic hom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Isotonic vs Isoelectronic Hom
Isotonic hom yog hom tshuaj muaj cov lej ntawm cov neutrons. Isoelectronic hom yog hom tshuaj uas muaj cov lej ntawm cov electrons zoo ib yam. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm isotonic thiab isoelectronic hom yog cov hom isotonic muaj cov lej zoo sib xws ntawm cov neutrons, qhov isoelectronic hom muaj cov lej zoo sib xws.
