Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas thiab sib xyaw ua ke yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus sib cais los ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus, whereas cumulated dienes muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus txuas nrog lub atom zoo sib xws.
Dienes yog cov organic tebchaw uas tseem ceeb heev hauv cov organic chemistry. Cov no tseem hu ua diolefins lossis alkadienes. Cov no yog covalent compounds uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms. Yog li ntawd, cov tebchaw no muaj ob chav alkene nrog rau tus qauv ua ntej "di" ntawm lub npe hu ua systematic nomenclature.
Dab tsi yog Conjugated Dienes?
Conjugated dienes yog cov organic tebchaw nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus sib cais los ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, ib tug conjugated diene muaj ib tug alternating qauv ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab ib daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov no ua rau lub kaw lus conjugated ntawm huab cua hluav taws xob thoob plaws hauv qhov system conjugated. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias ob daim ntawv cog lus sib cais los ntawm ntau tshaj ib daim ntawv cog lus, ces peb hu nws ua ib qho kev sib cais. Cov conjugated dienes feem ntau yog siv los ua monomers hauv kev lag luam polymer.
Daim duab 01: Ib qho yooj yim Conjugated Diene
Kev npaj ntawm conjugated dienes zoo ib yam li peb siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshem tawm ntawm alkyl halides los ua alkenes. Peb tuaj yeem siv dihalides los hloov lawv mus rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke los ntawm ob qhov kev tshem tawm ua tiav. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum siv lub hauv paus muaj zog, sterically hindered. Qhov no pab tau rau kev tiv thaiv kev sib tw hloov pauv. Muaj qhov ua tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem no, suav nrog alkynes thaum siv cov hauv paus muaj zog xws li sodium amide. Lwm txoj kev ntawm kev npaj conjugated dienes yog kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm allylic halides.
Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov ruaj khov ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke los ua kom pom qhov kub ntawm hydrogenation. Piv txwv li, thaum piv 1, 3-butadiene thiab 1-butene, 1, 3-butadiene muaj ib qho ntxiv ob daim ntawv cog lus uas xav tau ntxiv mol ntawm hydrogen kom txo nws mus rau hauv butane. Yog li ntawd, hydrogenation ntawm 1, 3-butadiene generates cua sov ntau tshaj li ntawm 1-butene. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev sim ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ntawm hydrogen tsawg dua qhov xav tau vim tias qhov ruaj khov ntawm qhov sib xyaw no. Lub kaw lus conjugated muab kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv rau cov molecule.
Dab tsi yog Cov Dienes?
Cumulated dienes yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus sib koom ib qho atom. Hauv lwm lo lus, ob daim ntawv cog lus ob npaug txuas rau tib lub atom. Feem ntau, cov tebchaw no tsis tshua muaj kev ruaj khov dua li cov khoom sib txuas sib txuas vim tias cov khoom sib txuas ua ke tsim cov kab ke sib txuas, uas ua rau cov molecule ruaj khov dua. Cov tebchaw no tseem hu ua cumulated alkadienes.
Daim duab 02: Ib Simple Cumulated Diene
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws cumulated diene molecule peb tuaj yeem pom yog 1, 2-propadiene. Nws tseem hu ua allene. Muaj lub hauv paus carbon atom hauv cov molecules uas muaj sp hybridization. Lub geometry nyob ib ncig ntawm no carbon atom yog linear.
Feem ntau, cumulated dienes tsis ruaj khov piv rau conjugated dienes. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov tebchaw no yog ib lub xeev uas yuav tshwm sim rau triple daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ib qho alkyne kom txav cov pa roj carbon saw hlau mus rau qhov chaw ruaj khov tshaj plaws.
Qhov txawv ntawm Conjugated thiab Cumulated Dienes yog dab tsi?
Muaj peb txoj hauv kev sib txawv ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv dienes tuaj yeem npaj rau hauv cov molecule: conjugated, cais, lossis cumulated. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm conjugated thiab cumulative dienes yog tias conjugated dienes muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus sib cais los ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus, whereas cumulated dienes muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus txuas nrog lub atom zoo sib xws.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib txuas thiab sib sau ua ke.
Summary – Conjugated vs Cumulated Dienes
A diene yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus. Nyob rau hauv conjugated dienes, ob daim ntawv cog lus ob yog sib cais los ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus, whereas nyob rau hauv cumulated dienes, ob ob daim ntawv cog lus txuas nrog ib qho atom zoo sib xws. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas thiab sib sau ua ke.
