Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb liab kab ke thiab cov teeb liab patch yog cov teeb liab sib lawv liag yog cov amino acid sib lawv liag hauv cov proteins uas pab ua kom lub cell hloov cov proteins mus rau organelles los yog cellular membrane, thaum lub teeb liab patch yog ib tug amino acid ib theem zuj zus nyob rau hauv Cov proteins uas pab ua kom lub cell hloov cov proteins los ntawm cytosol rau nucleus.
Protein targeting or sorting is the biological mechanisms uas cov proteins raug thauj mus rau lawv qhov chaw tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lossis sab nraum lub cell. Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov protein nws tus kheej coj cov txheej txheem xa khoom no. Kev txheeb xyuas cov protein kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cell. Qhov yuam kev lossis kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv kev txheeb xyuas tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam kab mob. Cov teeb liab kab ke thiab teeb liab patch yog ob ntu ua los ntawm cov amino acids nyob rau hauv cov proteins uas koom nrog protein hom phiaj los yog sorting.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Teeb Meem Sib Tw?
Cov teeb liab kab ke yog cov amino acid ib ntus hauv cov proteins uas ua rau lub cell hloov cov proteins, feem ntau mus rau organelles lossis cellular membrane. Ib lub teeb liab sib lawv liag tseem hu ua lub teeb liab peptide. Nws yog luv peptide uas muaj 16 mus rau 30 amino acids. Nws muaj nyob rau ntawm N terminus (qee zaus C terminus) ntawm feem ntau cov proteins uas tau tsim tshiab. Cov cim qhia ua ntu pab cov proteins mus rau txoj hauv kev zais cia. Cov proteins uas muaj cov teeb liab muaj xws li cov uas nyob hauv lub cev (endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, los yog endosomes), secreted los ntawm lub cell los yog tso rau hauv feem ntau cellular membranes.
Daim duab 01: Cov Teeb Meem Sib Tham
Feem ntau, feem ntau hom I membrane-bound proteins muaj cov teeb liab sib lawv liag. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm hom II thiab multispanning membrane-bound proteins yog tsom mus rau txoj hauv kev secretory los ntawm lawv thawj cov npe transmembrane hu ua "lub hom phiaj peptide." Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv prokaryotes, cov teeb liab sequences coj cov tshiab synthesized proteins mus rau lub SecYEG protein conducting channel uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub plasma membrane. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv eukaryotes, muaj ib homologous system, qhov twg cov teeb liab sib lawv liag coj cov tshiab synthesized proteins rau lub Sec61 channel. Txawm hais tias cov channel no qhia txog cov qauv thiab cov kab ke sib txuas nrog SecYEG, nws muaj nyob rau hauv endoplasmic reticulum.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Teeb Meem Patch?
Lub teeb liab patch yog ib qho amino acid sib lawv liag hauv cov proteins uas ua rau lub xovtooj ntawm tes hloov cov protein los ntawm cytosol mus rau lub nucleus. Lub teeb liab patch muaj cov ntaub ntawv xa cov protein uas tau muab rau qhov chaw qhia hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Feem ntau tej zaum, txoj kev teeb liab coj cov protein ntawm cytosol mus rau lub nucleus. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acid residues nyob deb ntawm ib leeg nyob rau hauv thawj theem. Txawm li cas los xij, cov amino acids no nyob ze rau ib leeg hauv cov qauv tertiary ntawm cov ntaub qhwv protein.
Daim duab 02: Teeb liab Patch
Tsis zoo li cov teeb liab sib lawv liag, cov teeb liab thaj ua rau thaj tsis tau cleaved los ntawm cov protein uas paub tab tom qab txheej txheem sorting. Cov teeb liab thaj ua rau thaj yog ib qho nyuaj rau kwv yees. Nuclear localization signals feem ntau yog cov teeb liab thaj ua rau thaj, txawm hais tias qee qhov teeb meem tshwm sim kuj muaj. Ntxiv mus, cov teeb liab thaj ua rau thaj muaj nyob rau ntawm cov proteins destined rau lub nucleus, uas ua rau lawv xaiv thauj los ntawm cytosol mus rau hauv lub nucleus los ntawm nuclear pore complexes.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Cov Teeb Meem Sib Tw thiab Cov Teeb Pom Kev Teeb?
- Signal sequence and signal patch is two sequences with protein targeting or sorting.
- Ob qho kev ua ntu zus muaj nyob hauv cov proteins.
- Cov kab lus no yog luv luv amino acid sequences.
- Qhov yuam kev hauv ob ntu tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov protein cais, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Cov Teeb Meem Sib Txuas thiab Cov Teeb Pom Kev Teeb?
Lub teeb liab kab ke yog ib qho amino acid sib lawv liag pom nyob rau hauv cov proteins uas ua rau lub cell hloov cov proteins mus rau organelles los yog cellular daim nyias nyias, thaum lub teeb liab patch yog ib tug amino acid sequence pom nyob rau hauv cov proteins uas prompts ib lub cell. hloov pauv cov protein feem ntau los ntawm cytosol mus rau nucleus. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb liab sib lawv liag thiab teeb liab patch. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub teeb liab ua ntu zus yog cleaved los ntawm mature proteins tom qab sorting, thaum lub teeb liab patch tsis cleaved los ntawm mature proteins tom qab sorting.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov teeb liab sib lawv liag thiab teeb liab patch.
Summary – Teeb liab Sequence vs Signal Patch
Signal sequence and signal patch is two sequences found in proteins. Lawv yog cov tsim nyog rau cov hom phiaj protein los yog kev txheeb xyuas. Cov cim qhia ua ntu zus ua rau lub xovtooj ntawm tes los hloov cov proteins, feem ntau mus rau organelles lossis cellular membrane. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub teeb liab patch ua rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes los hloov cov protein, feem ntau los ntawm cytosol mus rau lub nucleus. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb liab sib lawv liag thiab teeb liab patch.
