Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 yog tias mTORC1 yog rapamycin-sensitive protein complex uas tswj cov protein synthesis hauv cell, thaum mTORC2 yog rapamycin-insensitive protein uas tswj cov cell proliferation thiab ciaj sia, cell migration, thiab cytoskeletal. kev kho mob.
mTOR yog lub hom phiaj ntawm rapamycin lossis mammalian lub hom phiaj ntawm rapamycin. Nws yog kinase enzyme encoded los ntawm mTOR noob hauv tib neeg. Feem ntau, mTOR txuas nrog lwm cov proteins thiab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm ob qhov sib txawv protein ntau: mTORC1 thiab mTORC2. Yog li ntawd, ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho tib si complexes, mTOR ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug serine / threonine protein kinase uas tswj lub cell txoj kev loj hlob, proliferation, motility ciaj sia taus, protein synthesis, autophagy, thiab transcription.
mTORC1 yog dab tsi?
mTORC1 lossis mammalian lub hom phiaj ntawm rapamycin complex 1 yog rapamycin-sensitive protein complex tsim los ntawm serine/threonine kinase mTOR. Nws tswj cov protein synthesis hauv lub cell. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog ib qho protein ntau uas muaj ntau yam xws li mTOR, raptor (kev tswj hwm cov protein ntawm mTOR), PRAS40 (proline-nplua nuj AKT substrate 40 kDa), thiab mLST8 (niam txiv leej tub nrog sec-13). Cov protein complex no ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom noj khoom haus / lub zog / redox sensor thiab tswj cov protein synthesis.
Daim duab 01: mTORC1
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov protein no yog nruj tswj hwm los ntawm rapamycin, insulin, yam loj hlob, phosphatidic acid, qee cov amino acids, thiab lawv cov derivatives xws li L-leucine thiab β-methylbutyric acid, mechanical stimuli, thiab oxidative stress. Feem ntau, lub luag haujlwm ntawm mTORC1 yog los qhib kev txhais cov proteins. Txhawm rau qhib mTORC1 rau kev tsim cov protein, cov hlwb yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txaus, muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, oxygen abundance, thiab kev loj hlob zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov peev txheej no tseem ceeb heev txhawm rau pib kev txhais mRNA.
mTORC2 yog dab tsi?
mTORC2 lossis mTOR complex 2 yog rapamycin-insensitive protein complex tsim los ntawm serine / threonine kinase mTOR. Nws tswj cov cell proliferation thiab ciaj sia taus, cell migration, thiab cytoskeletal remodelling. Cov complex no loj thiab muaj xya protein subunits, suav nrog catalytic mTOR subunit, DEP domain-muaj mTOR interacting protein (DEPTOR), mammalian lethal nrog SEC13 protein 8 (MLST8, tseem hu ua GβL), TTI1/TEL2, rictor, MSINI, thiab protein soj ntsuam nrog rictor 1 thiab 2 (Protor1/2).
Daim duab 02: mTORC2
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm mTORC2 tsis nkag siab tsawg dua mTORC1. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau pom tias yuav teb rau cov yam ntxwv loj hlob txhawm rau txhawm rau hloov kho cov metabolism hauv cell thiab ciaj sia. Cov complex no tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub koom haum ntawm actin cytoskeleton los ntawm nws qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm F-actin stress fibers, paxillin, RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42, thiab protein kinase C α (PKCα). mTORC2 kuj tswj cov cellular proliferation thiab metabolism. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm mTORC2 tau cuam tshuam nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm autophagy. Tsis tas li ntawd, tyrosine kev ua ntawm mTORC2 phosphorylates IGF-IR thiab insulin receptors ntawm tyrosine residues Y1131/1136 thiab Y1146/1151, uas feem ntau ua rau tag nrho kev ua haujlwm ntawm IGF-IR thiab InsR.
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 yog dab tsi?
- mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 yog ob qho protein ntau.
- Lawv yog cov molecules loj.
- Lawv ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov hlwb.
- MLST8 thiab DEPTOR subunits tau sib koom los ntawm ob qho tib si mTORC1 thiab mTORC2.
- Qhov txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 ua rau muaj kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav, ntshav qab zib hom 2, thiab neurodegeneration.
Qhov txawv ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 yog dab tsi?
mTORC1 yog rapamycin-sensitive protein complex tsim los ntawm serine / threonine kinase mTOR uas tswj cov protein synthesis hauv cell, thaum mTORC2 yog rapamycin-insensitive protein complex tsim los ntawm serine / threonine kinase mTOR uas tswj cov cell proliferation thiab ciaj sia taus., cell migration thiab cytoskeletal remodelling. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2. Tsis tas li ntawd, mTORC1 muaj rau subunits, thaum mTORC2 muaj xya subunits.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – mTORC1 vs mTORC2
mTORC1 thiab mTORC2 yog ob qho protein ntau uas muaj mTOR ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. mTORC1 yog rapamycin-sensitive protein complex, thiab nws tswj cov protein synthesis hauv cell. mTORC2 yog ib qho rapamycin-insensitive protein complex, thiab nws tswj cov cell proliferation thiab ciaj sia taus, cell migration, thiab cytoskeletal remodelling. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm mTORC1 thiab mTORC2.
