Qhov txawv ntawm Canonical thiab Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov txawv ntawm Canonical thiab Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi
Qhov txawv ntawm Canonical thiab Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Canonical thiab Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Canonical thiab Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi
Video: TOP NEWS PLUS LIVE SHOW * NYIAJ $600 SSI CA TUAJ SAI NO * XOV XWM TSHIAB 6/3/2021 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm canonical thiab grand canonical ensemble yog cov canonical ensemble piav txog ib tug system nyob rau hauv thermal equilibrium nrog lub tshav kub reservoir ntawm ib tug muab kub, whereas grand canonical ensemble piav txog ib tug system nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ob lub tshav kub reservoir thiab ib tug hais. reservoir.

Canonical pawg tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais sawv cev rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua tau nyob rau hauv thermal equilibrium nrog lub tshav kub da dej ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Grand canonical pawg tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li lub xeev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom uas nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov thermodynamic nrog lub reservoir.

Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi?

Canonical ensemble yog cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais uas sawv cev rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua tau nyob rau hauv thermal equilibrium nrog da dej kub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub zog nrog lub da dej kub, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub xeev ntawm lub cev sib txawv ntawm tag nrho lub zog.

Thaum xav txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ntsuas kub hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv canonical, nws yog qhov ntsuas kub tsis txaus qhia los ntawm "T," uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov xeev. Qhov kev ntsuas no tseem nyob ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv, suav nrog tus lej ntawm cov khoom hauv qhov system uas sawv cev los ntawm "N" thiab qhov ntim ntawm lub kaw lus muab los ntawm "V." Cov kev txwv no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov xeev sab hauv. Peb tuaj yeem hu lub koom haum nrog peb qhov tsis zoo li NVT pawg.

Canonical vs Grand Canonical Ensemble hauv Tabular Daim Ntawv
Canonical vs Grand Canonical Ensemble hauv Tabular Daim Ntawv

Ntxiv mus, muaj lwm qhov kev ntsuas hu ua lub zog pub dawb, sawv cev los ntawm "F," uas yog qhov tsis tu ncua rau pawg. Txawm li cas los xij, F thiab lwm qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem sib txawv raws li kev xaiv ntawm N, V, thiab T sib txawv. Muaj ob lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm F, thiab nws muab qhov ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam, thiab ntau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem suav ncaj qha los ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi?

Grand canonical ensemble yog lub xeev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom uas nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov thermodynamic nrog lub reservoir. Hauv lub xeev no, lub kaw lus tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li lub xeev qhib hauv kev nkag siab tias lub kaw lus tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub zog thiab cov khoom nrog lub chaw cia khoom, uas ua rau muaj ntau lub xeev ntawm cov kab ke uas tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm tag nrho lub zog thiab tag nrho cov naj npawb. cov khoom. Ntxiv mus, qhov ntim, cov duab, thiab lwm yam kev tswj xyuas sab nraud tau khaws cia tas mus li hauv txhua lub xeev ntawm lub cev.

Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem muab cov ntsuas kub hloov pauv hais txog cov khoom loj canonical uas muaj peev xwm muab los ntawm µ thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, pawg no yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv xws li ntim uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub xeev sab hauv ntawm lub system. Peb tuaj yeem hu ua pawg loj loj xws li µVT pawg.

Qhov txawv ntawm Canonical thiab Grand Canonical Ensemble yog dab tsi?

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm canonical thiab grand canonical pawg yog tias lub koom haum canonical piav qhia txog lub kaw lus hauv thermal sib npaug nrog lub rhaub dej kub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, whereas lub tsho loj canonical piav qhia txog lub kaw lus hauv kev sib cuag nrog ob lub tshav kub reservoir thiab ib particle reservoir.

Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm canonical thiab grand canonical pawg hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.

Summary – Canonical vs Grand Canonical Ensemble

Canonical thiab grand canonical ensembles yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv thermodynamics. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm canonical thiab grand canonical ensemble yog tias ib pawg canonical piav qhia txog qhov system hauv thermal equilibrium nrog lub tshav kub reservoir ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, whereas lub grand canonical ensemble piav txog ib tug system nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ob lub tshav kub reservoir thiab particle reservoir.

Pom zoo: