Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj antiplatelet thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov tshuaj antiplatelet thaiv platelet plug tsim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants cuam tshuam nrog txoj hauv kev sab hauv thiab sab hauv.
Antiplatelets thiab anticoagulants yog cov tshuaj koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Cov tshuaj Antiplatelet cuam tshuam nrog platelet ua kom thiab sib sau ua ke thaum cov tshuaj anticoagulants cuam tshuam nrog coagulation cascade.
Dab tsi yog ntshav txhaws?
ntshav txhaws yog ib qho txheej txheem nyuaj heev uas cuam tshuam nrog cov platelets, colotting yam, thiab cov hlwb endothelial hauv cov hlab ntsha. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tiv thaiv mechanism uas txwv cov ntshav poob tom qab raug mob. Nws kuj yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev kho qhov txhab vim tias cov txheej txheem fiber ntau tsim hauv cov hlab ntshav ua raws li lub hauv paus rau kev sib faib cov hlwb tsiv teb tsaws. Kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha coj cov qe ntshav thiab cov reactive extracellular matrix rau hauv kev sib cuag. Cov qe ntshav latch rau ntawm qhov chaw khi hauv cov khoom siv ntxiv.
Platelet ua kom thiab sib sau ua ke yog qhov tshwm sim tam sim ntawm qhov kev khi no. Inflammatory mediators secreted los ntawm cov platelets puas thiab endothelial hlwb qhib cov ntshav los tsim ntau yam tshuaj muaj zog. Ntau cov platelets qhib vim yog cov tshuaj no thiab cov ntaub ntawv platelet ntsaws hla qhov sib txawv hauv endothelium. Tus naj npawb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm platelets ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem. Thrombocytopenia txhais tau tias tsis tshua muaj platelet tooj, thiab thrombasthenia txhais tau tias platelet ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Lub sij hawm los ntshav yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas uas ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm platelet plug tsim. Intrinsic thiab extrinsic txoj kev yog ob txoj hauv kev uas cov hlab ntsha tuaj ntawm no.
Lub siab ua rau cov ntshav txhaws. Cov kab mob siab thiab cov caj ces txawv txav ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Hemophilia yog qhov xwm txheej zoo li no. Txoj kev extrinsic, tseem hu ua cov txheej txheem cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam nrog rau yam VII thiab X thaum txoj hauv kev hauv nruab nrog muaj feem XII, XI, IX, VIII thiab X. Ob qho tib si extrinsic thiab intrinsic pathways coj mus rau txoj hauv kev uas pib nrog kev ua kom muaj X.. Fibrin meshwork cov ntaub ntawv raws li txoj hauv kev thiab muab lub hauv paus uas tau hais tseg rau lwm cov txheej txheem ntawm tes.
Dab tsi yog Antiplatelets?
Antiplatelet yog cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog platelet plug tsim. Hauv qhov tseeb, cov tshuaj no cuam tshuam nrog platelet ua kom thiab sib sau ua ke. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem siv los ua prophylaxis rau kev tsim cov hlab ntsha, kho cov xwm txheej mob thrombotic thiab ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, ADP receptor inhibitors, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, glycoprotein IIB / IIA inhibitors, thromboxane inhibitors thiab adenosine reuptake inhibitors yog ob peb lub npe tshuaj. Txoj hnyuv los ntshav yog qhov tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Anticoagulants yog dab tsi?
Anticoagulants yog cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog coagulation cascade. Heparin thiab warfarin yog ob lub npe nrov tshaj plaws anticoagulants. Cov tshuaj no yuav raug siv los ua prophylaxis los tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha sib sib zog nqus thrombosis, embolism, thiab tseem tuaj yeem kho thromboembolism, myocardial infarctions, thiab peripheral vascular kab mob. Cov tshuaj no ua los ntawm inhibiting vitamin K nyob rau hauv cov ntshav txhaws thiab los ntawm activating anti-thrombin III. Heparin tsis muaj raws li ib ntsiav tshuaj thaum warfarin yog.
Heparin thiab warfarin yuav tsum tau pib ua ke vim tias warfarin nce ntshav coagulability li ntawm peb hnub thiab heparin muab qhov tsim nyog tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej thromboembolic. Warfarin nce INR thiab, yog li ntawd, INR yog siv los ua ib txoj hauv kev los saib xyuas kev kho mob. Tom qab atrial fibrillation INR yuav tsum khaws cia ntawm 2.5 txog 3.5. Yog li ntawd, kev soj ntsuam tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Antiplatelet thiab Anticoagulant yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov tshuaj antiplatelet thaiv platelet plug tsim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants cuam tshuam nrog txoj hauv kev thiab sab hauv. Antiplatelets feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau plab hnyuv los ntshav vim muaj kua qaub ntau ntxiv thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav vim thrombocytopenia. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj antiplatelet yuav tsum tau muab thaum cev xeeb tub thaum muaj warfarin, uas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, yuav tsum tsis txhob muab.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulant hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Antiplatelet vs Anticoagulant
Antiplatelets thiab anticoagulants yog cov tshuaj koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj antiplatelet thiab anticoagulant yog cov tshuaj antiplatelet thaiv platelet plug tsim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv coagulants cuam tshuam nrog txoj hauv kev sab hauv thiab sab hauv.
Image Courtesy:
1. “1909 Blood Clotting” Los Ntawm OpenStax College – Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site, Jun 19, 2013. (CC BY 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia
2. "Coagulation Cascade thiab Major Classes of Anticoagulants" Los ntawm SteveKong3 - Tus kheej ua haujlwm (CC BY-SA 4.0) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
