Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntau tsev neeg thiab cov tsev neeg superfamilies yog cov tsev neeg muaj ntau hom yog pawg ntawm cov noob nrog cov kab ke sib luag, thaum cov tsev neeg superfamilies yog pawg ntawm cov proteins lossis cov noob ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb.
Ntau tsev neeg thiab tsev neeg superfamilies yog pab pawg ntawm cov noob caj noob ces thiab cov tsev neeg cov proteins uas muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm cov noob thiab cov proteins. Ib tsev neeg gene yog ib pawg ntawm cov noob zoo sib xws uas tsim los ntawm kev sib tw ntawm ib qho qub gene. Feem ntau, lawv muaj cov haujlwm biochemical zoo sib xws thiab. Ib tsev neeg protein yog ib pawg ntawm cov proteins uas muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev hloov pauv. Feem ntau, cov proteins hauv tsev neeg tau nqis los ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv. Ob tsev neeg noob caj noob ces thiab cov tsev neeg protein tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia txog genomes thiab ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev hloov pauv thiab ntau haiv neeg.
Cov Tsev Neeg Ntau Yam yog dab tsi?
Multigene tsev neeg yog pab pawg ntawm cov noob nrog cov kab ke sib luag thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam sib tshooj. Cov tsev neeg Multigene ib txwm muaj cov tswv cuab nrog cov kab ke zoo sib xws thiab kev ua haujlwm. Gene duplication thiab divergence yog qhov tshwm sim loj tom qab lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm ntau tsev neeg.
Daim duab 01: Ntau Tsev Neeg
Cov noob caj noob ces hauv cov tsev neeg muaj ntau yam tuaj yeem tsim nyob ze ua ke ntawm tib lub chromosome, lossis cov noob caj noob ces no tuaj yeem tawg mus thoob plaws hauv genome ntawm cov chromosomes sib txawv. Cov noob no hauv cov tsev neeg multigene feem ntau qhia txog kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm. Qhov no yog vim lawv qhov sib npaug sib npaug thiab sib tshooj ua haujlwm. Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov tsev neeg ntau hom muaj cov tswv cuab uas sib koom ua ke ze li qhov sib xws. Yog li ntawd, cov tsev neeg multigene no tso cai rau cov khoom lag luam gene loj heev los qhia nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv thaum nws xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm cov tsev neeg multigene tso cai rau cov khoom zoo sib xws tab sis tshwj xeeb cov khoom lag luam los qhia hauv ntau hom cell los yog ntau theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. Qee cov tsev neeg muaj npe nrov ntau yam yog cov cai rau actins, immunoglobulins, tubulins, hemoglobins, interferons, histones, thiab lwm yam.
Superfamilies yog dab tsi?
Superfamilies yog pab pawg ntawm cov proteins lossis cov noob ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb nrog cov haujlwm tsis sib tshooj. Protein superfamilies yog pawg loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov proteins raws li lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv. Cov poj koob yawm txwv zoo sib xws yog suav los ntawm cov qauv kev sib dhos thiab cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws. Protein superfamilies feem ntau muaj ntau tsev neeg cov protein, uas qhia qhov sib npaug ntawm txhua tsev neeg. Qee qhov piv txwv zoo rau cov tsev neeg muaj protein ntau yog protease, glycosyl hydrolases, alkaline phosphatase, globin, PA xeem, Ras, serpin, TIM chim, thiab lwm yam Protein superfamilies yog evolutionary tseem ceeb heev. Qhov no yog vim lawv sawv cev rau cov kev txwv tam sim no ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov poj koob yawm txwv.
Daim duab 02: Superfamilies
Gene superfamilies muaj ntau dua li ntau tsev neeg. Gene superfamilies feem ntau muaj txog li pua pua ntawm cov noob, suav nrog ntau tsev neeg ntau hom. Cov noob nyob rau hauv superfamilies muaj ntau haiv neeg nyob rau hauv ib theem zuj zus thiab muaj nuj nqi thiab tso saib ntau theem ntawm kev qhia. Cov noob no kuj muaj kev tswj hwm nyias. Lub globin superfamily ntawm cov noob yog cov piv txwv feem ntau ntawm cov noob superfamilies.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Ntau Tsev Neeg thiab Superfamilies?
- Ntau tsev neeg thiab tsev neeg superfamilies yog pab pawg ntawm cov noob caj noob ces thiab cov tsev neeg cov proteins uas muaj cov noob caj noob ces zoo sib xws thiab cov proteins.
- Immunoglobulins thiab globins suav nrog hauv ob tsev neeg.
- Ob tsev neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv.
- Kev sib txuas ua ke tuaj yeem siv los tsim ob tsev neeg.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Ntau Tsev Neeg thiab Superfamilies?
Multigene tsev neeg yog pab pawg ntawm cov noob nrog cov kab ke sib luag, thaum cov tsev neeg superfamilies yog pab pawg ntawm cov protein lossis cov noob ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsev neeg multigene thiab superfamilies. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tsev neeg multigene yog pawg ntawm cov noob uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm sib tshooj, thaum cov tsev neeg loj yog pawg ntawm cov protein lossis cov noob nrog cov haujlwm tsis sib tshooj.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau tsev neeg thiab cov tsev neeg superfamilies hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Multigene Families vs Superfamilies
Ntau tsev neeg thiab tsev neeg superfamilies yog pab pawg ntawm cov noob caj noob ces thiab cov tsev neeg cov proteins uas muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm cov noob thiab cov proteins. Lawv yog cov evolutionary tseem ceeb heev. Cov tsev neeg Multigene yog pawg ntawm cov noob nrog cov kab ke sib luag, thaum cov tsev neeg loj yog pawg ntawm cov proteins lossis cov noob ntawm cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntau tsev neeg thiab cov tsev neeg superfamilies.
