Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cob alt thiab lithium yog cob alt yog cov hlau hloov pauv uas muaj tshuaj lom, qhov lithium yog alkali hlau uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Cob alt thiab lithium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg uas peb tuaj yeem pom hauv ib puag ncig tshwm sim ib txwm muaj raws li cov khoom sib txuas ntawm lwm cov tebchaw. Lawv muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev sib txawv.
Cob alt yog dab tsi?
Cob alt yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj lub cim Co thiab atomic tooj 27. Nws yog hlau thiab d-block lub caij nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Nws yog nyob rau hauv pawg 9 thiab lub sij hawm 4. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem faib nws raws li kev hloov pauv hlau. Cob alt tsis tshwm sim raws li ib tug neeg hlau ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust; Hloov chaw, nws tshwm sim ua ke nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom dawb siv cov txheej txheem smelting. Cob alt yog ib qho nyuaj, lustrous xiav-grey hlau.
Lub atomic loj ntawm lub caij no yog 58.93 amu. Kev teeb tsa electron ntawm cob alt hlau yog [Ar] 3d7 4s2. Ntawm tus qauv siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev ruaj khov. Lub melting point thiab boiling point yog 1495 ° C thiab 2927 ° C, feem. Qhov feem ntau oxidation xeev ntawm cob alt yog +2, +3 thiab +4. Nws cov qauv siv lead ua yog hexagonal kaw-packed qauv.
Ntxiv mus, cob alt yog cov khoom siv ferromagnetic. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws nyiam heev rau cov hlau nplaum. Lub ntiajteb txawj nqus tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau no yog 8.9, uas yog tus nqi siab heev. Halogens thiab sulfur tuaj yeem tua cov hlau no. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog cov hlau tsis muaj zog. Peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv nws ntawm oxidation los ntawm passivating oxide zaj duab xis.
Thaum xav txog kev tsim cov cob alt, peb tuaj yeem siv cov cob alt xws li cob altite, erythrite, glaucodot, thiab skutterudite. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tuam ntxhab feem ntau tau txais cov hlau no los ntawm kev txo cov khoom siv cob alt ntawm nickel thiab tooj liab mining.
Lithium yog dab tsi?
Lithium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj atomic tooj 3 thiab cov cim tshuaj Li. Nws yog alkali hlau. Raws li qhov loj bang txoj kev xav ntawm kev tsim lub ntiaj teb, lithium, hydrogen, thiab helium yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas tsim nyob rau theem ntxov ntawm kev tsim ntiaj teb. Qhov hnyav atomic ntawm lub caij no yog 6.941, thiab cov qauv hluav taws xob yog [Nws] 2s1. Ntxiv mus, lithium belongs rau lub block vim nws yog nyob rau hauv pawg 1 ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, thiab lub melting thiab boiling cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub caij no yog 180.50 ° C thiab 1330 ° C, feem. Lithium tshwm nyob rau hauv cov xim silvery-dawb, thiab yog tias peb hlawv cov hlau no, nws muab cov nplaim xim daj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lithium hlau yog lub teeb thiab muag heev. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem txiav nws yooj yim siv rab riam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ntab rau hauv dej, ua rau muaj tshuaj lom neeg tawg. Lithium muaj qee yam khoom tshwj xeeb uas lwm cov hlau alkali tsis muaj. Piv txwv li, nws tsuas yog alkali hlau uas tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog cov pa roj nitrogen, thiab nws tsim lithium nitride raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no. Nws yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm lwm cov tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg no. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov khoom hlau.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cob alt thiab Lithium yog dab tsi?
Cob alt yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj lub cim Co thiab atomic tooj 27, thaum Lithium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj tus lej atomic 3 thiab cov cim tshuaj Li. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cob alt thiab lithium yog tias cob alt yog cov hlau hloov pauv uas muaj tshuaj lom thaum lithium yog alkali hlau uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm cob alt thiab lithium hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Cob alt vs Lithium
Cob alt thiab lithium yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas peb tuaj yeem pom hauv ib puag ncig tshwm sim ib txwm muaj raws li cov khoom sib txuas ntawm lwm cov tebchaw. Lawv muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cob alt thiab lithium yog tias cob alt yog cov hlau hloov pauv uas muaj tshuaj lom, thaum lithium yog alkali hlau uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom.
