Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm organometallic tebchaw thiab hlau carbonyls yog cov organometallic compounds tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ib lub chaw hlau nrog carbon atoms ntawm cov organic ligands los ntawm covalent bonding, whereas hlau carbonyl compounds muaj ib tug hlau chaw khi rau carbon monoxide ligands.
Organometallic compounds thiab hlau carbonyls yog kev sib koom ua ke uas muaj lub chaw hlau thiab ligands nyob ib puag ncig cov hlau atom / ion. Cov ligands raug khi rau qhov chaw hlau los ntawm cov hlau-carbon covalent daim ntawv cog lus.
Dab tsi yog Organometallic Compounds?
Organometallic compounds tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog cov sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj ib lossis ntau dua Hlau-Carbon covalent bonds. Cov tshuaj sib txuas no muaj covalent bonds ntawm carbon thiab hlau atoms. Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj qee qhov kev zam, uas suav nrog cov ntawv cog lus hlau-cyano, uas tsis suav tias yog organometallic bonds.
Daim duab 01: Ib qho Organometallic Compound
Cov hlau uas koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj organometallic tuaj yeem yog cov hlau alkali, alkaline ntiaj teb hlau, hloov hlau lossis metalloid xws li Boron. Qee cov qauv piv txwv rau cov tshuaj organometallic yog Grignard reagents uas muaj lithium (Li) lossis Magnesium (Mg), ferrocene, tetracarbonyl npib tsib xee, thiab lwm yam. Boron yog metalloid, tab sis nws kuj tsim cov organometallic tebchaw xws li organoborane compounds.
Organometallic compounds yog qhov zoo ntawm nucleophilic carbon atoms. Qhov no yog vim lub electronegativity ntawm cov hlau yog tsawg heev piv rau carbon. Yog li, cov hlau atom tuaj yeem tsim cov cation yooj yim los ntawm kev muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov pa roj carbon atom. Tam sim no, carbon atom yog nplua nuj nrog electrons, thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua raws li ib tug nucleophile. Cov pa roj carbon nucleophile no tuaj yeem tawm tsam electrophilic carbon atoms thiab tsim cov Carbon-Carbon bonds tshiab.
Hlau Carbonyls yog dab tsi?
Metal carbonyl compounds yog kev sib koom ua ke uas muaj kev hloov pauv hlau atoms sib koom ua ke rau carbon monoxide ligands. Cov tebchaw no tseem ceeb heev hauv cov organic synthesis thiab tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li catalyst lossis catalyst precursors hauv homogenous catalysis (cov txheej txheem no suav nrog hydroformylation thiab Reppe chemistry). Ntxiv mus, cov hlau carbonyls tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj cov tshuaj organometallic.
Daim duab 02: Hlau Pentacarbonyl
Qhov tseem ceeb, thaum sib cuag nrog daim tawv nqaij, cov hlau carbonyl feem ntau yog tshuaj lom thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kuab lom thaum nqus tau lossis noj. Qhov no yog vim muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tebchaw no rau carbonylate hemoglobin, tsim carboxyhemoglobin. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev khi ntawm oxygen nrog hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlau carbonyl feem ntau yog xim tsis muaj xim lossis daj daj xim. Cov no yog cov kua ua kua los yog cov khoom khib nyiab ntawm chav tsev kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, hlau carbonyls yog flammable thiab lom. Txawm li cas los xij, tuaj yeem muaj qee qhov sib sib zog nqus xim hlau carbonyls ib yam nkaus; Piv txwv li, vanadium hexacarbonyl compound yog xim xiav-dub.
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los npaj cov hlau carbonyls. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ncaj qha ntawm cov hlau nrog carbon monoxide, txo cov ntsev hlau thiab oxides, photolysis thiab thermolysis, ntsev metathesis, hlau carbonyl cations thiab carbonylates, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Organometallic Compounds thiab Hlau Carbonyls yog dab tsi?
Organometallic compounds yog cov sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj ib lossis ntau dua Hlau-Carbon covalent bonds, whereas hlau carbonyl compounds yog kev sib koom ua ke uas muaj kev hloov pauv hlau atoms sib koom nrog carbon monoxide ligands. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm organometallic compounds thiab hlau carbonyls yog cov organometallic tebchaw muaj ib tug hlau chaw nrog carbon atoms ntawm organic ligands, whereas hlau carbonyl tebchaw muaj ib tug hlau chaw khi rau carbon monoxide ligands.
Cov lus hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm organometallic compounds thiab hlau carbonyls hauv daim ntawv.
Summary – Organometallic Compounds vs Hlau Carbonyls
Organometallic compounds thiab hlau carbonyls yog kev sib koom ua ke uas muaj lub chaw hlau thiab ligands nyob ib puag ncig cov hlau atom / ion. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm organometallic tebchaw thiab hlau carbonyls yog cov organometallic tebchaw yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ib lub chaw hlau nrog carbon atoms ntawm cov organic ligands los ntawm covalent bonding, whereas hlau carbonyl compounds muaj ib tug hlau chaw khi rau carbon monoxide ligands.
