Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm trisomy 18 thiab 21 yog qhov trisomy 18 yog chromosomal disorder tshwm sim vim muaj cov chromosome 18 ntxiv thaum trisomy 21 yog chromosomal teeb meem tshwm sim vim muaj cov chromosome 21 ntxiv.
Ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo cell muaj tag nrho ntawm 46 chromosomes (23 khub). Muaj 22 autosomal chromosome khub thiab ib khub poj niam txiv neej chromosome. Cells faib thiab tsim ntau lub hlwb thiab gametes. Thaum lub cell division, cov genome replicates thiab cais mus rau hauv cov ntxhais cell. Kev faib tawm ntawm tes yog ib qho txheej txheem zoo thiab tswj tau. Txawm li cas los xij, random yuam kev kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb chromosomes tuaj yeem luam tawm tsis yog ob. Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua trisomy. Tag nrho cov naj npawb ntawm chromosomes rau ib lub cell ua 2n + 1. Hauv lwm lo lus, tag nrho cov lej nce mus rau 47. Ib daim ntawv luam ntxiv ntawm ib qho chromosome yog tsim nyob rau hauv trisomy.
Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome) thiab trisomy 13 (Patau syndrome) yog peb hom trisomy. Trisomy 21 yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws, thaum trisomy 18 thiab 13 tsawg dua. Trisomy ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab.
Trisomy 18 yog dab tsi?
Trisomy 18, tseem hu ua Edwards syndrome, yog ib qho mob chromosomal tshwm sim vim muaj cov chromosome ntxiv 18. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, lub genome ntawm tes muaj peb chromosomes ntawm chromosome 18. Tag nrho cov chromosomes. nyob rau hauv lub cell nce mus rau 2n + 1 los yog 47. Trisomy 18 yog tsawg dua trisomy 21, tab sis nws ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab. Tus me nyuam yug los tsis muaj qhov hnyav, lub taub hau txawv txav, lub puab tsaig me me, lub qhov ncauj me me, feem ntau nrog daim di ncauj cleft lossis cleft palate nyob rau hauv cov kab mob chromosomal no. Ntxiv mus, cov menyuam mos no kuj raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ua pa thiab noj zaub mov. Lawv yog cov kab mob plawv thiab mob raum, thiab.
Daim duab 01: Trisomy 18
Edwards syndrome cev xeeb tub yog qhov muaj feem pheej hmoo ntawm nchuav menyuam. Yog tias tus menyuam yug los, lawv lub neej yuav tsawg dua ib xyoos. Yog li trisomy 18 yog qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua li Down syndrome. Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau 1 ntawm txhua 5000 tus menyuam mos. Trisomy 18 tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ua ntej yug menyuam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Trisomy 21 yog dab tsi?
Trisomy 21, tseem hu ua Down syndrome, yog ib yam kab mob caj ces uas tshwm sim vim muaj cov chromosome 21 ntxiv. Nws yog chromosomal abnormality. Lub cell muaj peb daim qauv ntawm chromosome 21. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub cell muaj tag nrho ntawm 47 chromosomes es tsis txhob 46. Qhov no yog hom trisomy tshaj plaws. Kwv yees li 30% ntawm Down Syndrome cev xeeb tub xaus rau kev nchuav menyuam. Ob feem peb yuav xaus rau kev yug menyuam. Trisomy 21 cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev noj qab nyob zoo. Ntxiv mus, cov duab ntawm lub cev kuj yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm tus mob no. Down syndrome yog tus cwj pwm txawv ntawm lub ntsej muag xws li qhov muag dav, thiab lwm yam thiab ntau theem ntawm lub cev thiab lub hlwb tsis ua haujlwm. Tus me nyuam yuav tau txais kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis tu ncua thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo los yog ua rau lub plab zom mov. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob Down tuaj yeem txawv ntawm tus menyuam mus rau tus menyuam. Qee cov menyuam yaus yuav xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb, thaum qee tus menyuam yaus Down syndrome muaj peev xwm txaus siab rau lub neej ntev.
Daim duab 02: Down Syndrome
Zoo ib yam li trisomy 18, trisomy 21 tsis yog ib qho kev mob caj ces. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov yuam kev random thaum lub sijhawm sib faib ntawm tes. Cov niam txiv uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoos muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev muaj tus me nyuam Down syndrome vim lawv cov qe tuaj yeem faib txawv txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias leej niam lossis leej txiv yog tus neeg nqa khoom, ces kuj yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus menyuam mos Down syndrome. Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau 1 ntawm txhua 700 tus menyuam mos.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Trisomy 18 thiab 21?
- Ob leeg trisomy 18 thiab 21 yog chromosomal disorders.
- Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm qhov yuam kev random hauv kev faib cell.
- Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, muaj 47 chromosomes hauv tib neeg lub cell.
- Lawv tsis yog noob caj noob ces.
- Lub hnub nyoog ntawm leej niam yog qhov txaus ntshai rau trisomy. Kev pheej hmoo yuav nce ntxiv nrog rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm leej niam.
- Trisomy 18 thiab 21 cev xeeb tub qhia tias muaj kev pheej hmoo siab nchuav menyuam.
- Cov me nyuam raug mob muaj kev tsis taus kev txawj ntse.
Qhov txawv ntawm Trisomy 18 thiab 21 yog dab tsi?
Trisomy 18 (Edwards Syndrome) yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj chromosome 18 ntxiv. Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) yog ib yam kab mob caj ces tshwm sim vim muaj cov chromosome 21 ntxiv. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm trisomy 18 thiab 21. Trisomy 21 yog hom trisomy tshaj plaws, thaum trisomy 18 yog hom thib ob. Ntxiv mus, trisomy 18 yog qhov ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntau dua li trisomy 21.
Cov hauv qab no infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm trisomy 18 thiab 21 hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – Trisomy 18 vs 21
Chromosomal abnormalities tshwm sim vim qhov ua yuam kev hauv kev faib cell. Lawv ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab. Cov menyuam yaus cuam tshuam nrog trisomy, qhia txog kev loj hlob qeeb, kev yug me nyuam thiab kev tsis taus kev txawj ntse. Down syndrome yog tshwm sim los ntawm trisomy ntawm chromosome 21. Edward syndrome yog tshwm sim los ntawm trisomy ntawm chromosome 18. Muaj ib qho chromosome 18 ntxiv hauv Edwards syndrome thaum muaj chromosome 21 ntxiv hauv Down syndrome. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm trisomy 18 thiab 21.
