Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov nas transgenic thiab knockout nas yog cov nas transgenic muaj cov noob txawv teb chaws tso rau hauv nws cov genome thaum cov nas knockout muaj cov noob tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev txaus siab.
Genetic engineering yog thaj chaw ntawm cov noob caj noob ces uas cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntawm cov kab mob tau hloov kho lossis hloov kho los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis DNA sib txuas. Cov kab mob transgenic yog tsim los ntawm kev qhia cov noob txawv teb chaws (transgenes) rau hauv cov kab mob uas siv biotechnology. Lawv kuj tseem hu ua cov kab mob hloov kho caj ces. Transgenic kab mob yog cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb tseem ceeb. Lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb nrhiav cov noob muaj nuj nqi thiab hauv kev kho noob thiab kev ua liaj ua teb. Cov nas yog siv los ua cov qauv kuaj tsiaj vim lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg. Transgenic nas thiab knockout nas yog ob hom tsiaj hloov pauv. Nyob rau hauv cov nas transgenic, tus tswv tsev DNA ntawm ib qho chaw yog hloov nrog ib qho txawv version ntawm tib lub noob los yog cov noob sib txawv kiag li. Hauv cov nas knockout, tus tswv tsev noob tsuas yog tshem tawm lossis ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm.
Dab tsi yog Transgenic nas?
Cov nas hloov pauv yog cov nas hloov caj ces uas muaj cov kab mob hloov pauv genome los ntawm cov txheej txheem genetic engineering. Cov DNA txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv nas hauv peb txoj hauv kev siv tshuab transgenic nas. Peb txoj kev no yog koom nrog DNA xa los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob rov qab ntawm nas embryos ntawm cov theem sib txawv, ncaj qha microinjection ntawm txawv teb chaws DNA mus rau hauv lub pronuclei ntawm fertilized one-cell nas embryos thiab tsom manipulation ntawm nas embryonic qia (ES) hlwb ntawm qhov xav tau loci los ntawm kev qhia poob. los yog nce kev ua haujlwm hloov pauv. Muaj ob hom nas transgenic raws li qhov poob lossis nce kev ua haujlwm. Lawv yog nas knockout (tsis muaj nuj nqi) thiab knockin nas (tau ua haujlwm).
Daim duab 01: Transgenic nas
Knockout nas yog dab tsi?
Knockout nas yog ib qho ntawm ob hom nas transgenic. Nyob rau hauv cov nas knockout, ib tug gene yog depleted los yog silenced ua rau ib tug poob ntawm gene function. Yog li ntawd, cov nas nas khawm yog cov kab mob hloov caj ces. Knockout ntawm cov noob tuaj yeem ua tiav hloov nws lossis los ntawm kev ntxig ib qho khoom siv DNA kom tsis txhob ua haujlwm. Muaj ntau ntau hom knockout nas. Knockout nas muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob. Lawv tau siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb txhawm rau txhawm rau kawm ntau hom qog noj ntshav thiab kab mob xws li rog rog, kab mob plawv, ntshav qab zib, mob caj dab, kev quav yeeb tshuaj, kev ntxhov siab, kev laus thiab kab mob Parkinson, thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, lub hom phiaj gene inactivation suppresses qog kev loj hlob.
Daim duab 02: Knockout nas (gene cuam tshuam rau cov plaub hau kev loj hlob tau khob tawm hauv cov nas ntawm sab laug)
Muaj ob lub khob tawm ua qauv raws li kev tsim thiab kev cai. Nyob rau hauv lub constitutive knockout qauv, lub hom phiaj gene yog mus tas li inactivated nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsiaj thaum nyob rau hauv lub conditional knockout qauv, inducible inactivation ntawm noob qhia yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw raws li cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb lossis lub cev nqaij daim tawv.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Transgenic thiab Knockout nas?
- Ob qho tib si transgenic thiab knockout nas yog cov tsiaj hloov pauv.
- Lawv muaj qhov hloov pauv genome.
- Lawv yog cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb tseem ceeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Transgenic thiab Knockout nas yog dab tsi?
Cov nas hloov pauv yog cov nas hloov pauv uas muaj DNA txawv teb chaws qhia rau lawv. Knockout nas yog ib hom nas transgenic uas muaj cov noob tshem tawm lossis ntsiag to txhawm rau txhawm rau ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm transgenic thiab knockout nas.
Summary – Transgenic vs Knockout nas
Cov nas Transgenic muaj cov noob txawv teb chaws tso rau hauv lawv cov genome. Knockout nas muaj ib tug gene uas depleted los yog silenced ua rau ib tug poob ntawm gene function. Knockout nas yog ib hom kab mob transgenic lossis hloov caj ces. Ob leeg transgenic thiab knockout nas yog siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb ua qauv ntawm tib neeg kab mob. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm transgenic thiab knockout nas.
