Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation yog tias aldol condensation piav qhia txog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm enolates rau aldehydes lossis ketones, whereas Claisen condensation piav txog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm enolates rau esters.
Aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation yog cov organic synthesis tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tseem ceeb hauv kev ntxiv ntawm enolates rau cov organic tebchaw xws li aldehydes, ketones, thiab esters. Claisen condensation nce nrog aldol condensation ua ib feem ntawm nws.
Aldol Condensation yog dab tsi?
Aldol condensation yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas yog β-hydroxyaldehyde los yog β-hydroxyketone yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ib qho enol lossis ib qho enolate nrog carbonyl compound. Raws li nws cov txheej txheem, peb tuaj yeem faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol (aldol condensation tseem hu ua aldol cov tshuaj tiv thaiv) raws li kev sib txuas lus. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol no yog ua raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev qhuav dej, uas muab cov enone conjugated.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv dav dav ntawm Aldol Condensation
Ntxiv mus, muaj ob kauj ruam hauv qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol condensation. Cov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol thiab lub cev qhuav dej. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum peb tuaj yeem pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dicarboxylic, thiab. Feem ntau, lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cov khoom aldol tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob txoj hauv kev: nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus muaj zog-catalyzed mechanism lossis hauv cov kua qaub-catalyzed mechanism.
Aldol condensation txheej txheem tseem ceeb heev hauv cov organic synthesis vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog txoj hauv kev zoo los tsim cov pa roj carbon-carbon.
Claisen Condensation yog dab tsi?
Claisen condensation yog ib hom kev sib txuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj cov pa roj carbon-carbon bond tsim ntawm ob esters lossis ib qho ester thiab carbonyl compound. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub hauv paus muaj zog. Cov khoom kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog beta-keto ester lossis beta-diketone. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau muaj npe tom qab nws tus neeg tsim khoom Rainer Ludwig Claisen.
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv dav dav ntawm Claisen Condensation
Muaj qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej ua Claisen condensation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, ib qho ntawm cov reagents yuav tsum yog enolizable. Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem tau txais ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw enolizable thiab non-enolizable carbonyl. Lub hauv paus peb tab tom siv hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub hauv paus yuav tsum tsis txhob undergo nucleophilic substation los yog ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog ib tug carbonyl carbon atom. Ntxiv rau qhov no, alkoxy ib feem ntawm ester yuav tsum yog ib pab pawg tawm zoo. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau siv esters nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog methyl los yog ethyl esters uas muaj peev xwm yield methoxide thiab ethoxide.
Qhov txawv ntawm Aldol Condensation thiab Claisen Condensation yog dab tsi?
Ob leeg aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation xa mus rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib qho enolate rau lwm cov organic compounds. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation yog tias aldol condensation piav qhia txog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm enolates rau aldehydes lossis ketones, thaum Claisen condensation piav qhia txog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm enolates rau esters. Yog li, cov khoom kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv aldol yog beta-hydroxyaldehyde lossis beta-hydroxyketone thaum cov khoom kawg ntawm Claisen condensation yog beta-keto ester lossis beta-diketone.
Hauv qab infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation.
Summary – Aldol Condensation vs Claisen Condensation
Ob leeg aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation xa mus rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib qho enolate rau lwm cov organic tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aldol condensation thiab Claisen condensation yog tias aldol condensation piav qhia txog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm enolates rau aldehydes lossis ketones, hos Claisen condensation piav qhia txog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm enolates rau esters.
