Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm bromine thiab bromide yog tias bromide yog qhov txo qis ntawm bromine.
Cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm tsis ruaj khov tsuas yog rau cov roj uas muaj txiaj ntsig. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus sim ua kom hnov mob nrog lwm cov ntsiab lus kom tau txais cov roj hluav taws xob zoo hluav taws xob kom ua tiav kev ruaj ntseg. Ib yam li ntawd, bromine kuj yuav tsum tau txais ib qho hluav taws xob kom ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov roj Krypton. Tag nrho cov hlau reacts nrog bromine, tsim bromides. Bromine thiab bromide muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg vim qhov hloov ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob.
Bromine yog dab tsi?
Bromine yog ib yam tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm uas yog denoted los ntawm Br. Nws yog halogen (17th pawg) nyob rau hauv 4th lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Tus naj npawb atomic ntawm bromine yog 35; Yog li, nws muaj 35 protons thiab 35 electrons. Nws txoj kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob yog [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5 Txij li p sublevel yuav tsum muaj 6 hluav taws xob kom tau txais Krypton noble gas electron teeb tsa, bromine muaj peev xwm nyiam ib qho hluav taws xob. Nws muaj lub siab electronegativity, uas yog hais txog 2.96, raws li Pauling nplai.
Lub atomic hnyav ntawm bromine yog 79.904 amu. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug diatomic molecule (Br2). Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no diatomic molecule yog cov kua xim liab-xim av. Bromine muaj ib tug melting point ntawm 265.8 K thiab ib tug boil ntawm 332.0 K.
Ntxiv Cov Khoom Ntawm Bromine
Ntawm tag nrho cov bromine isotopes, Br-79 thiab Br-81 yog cov isotopes ruaj khov tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej tab sis zoo soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic xws li chloroform. Ntxiv mus, nws muaj 7, 5, 4, 3, 1, -1 oxidation xeev.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm bromine nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine thiab iodine. Bromine tsis tshua muaj reactive tshaj li chlorine tab sis ntau reactive tshaj iodine. Bromine tsim cov bromide ion los ntawm kev noj ib qho hluav taws xob. Yog li, bromine koom nrog ionic compound tsim tau yooj yim. Qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, bromine muaj tshwm sim raws li bromide ntsev es tsis txhob Br2
Daim duab 01: Bromine
Bromine tuaj yeem oxidize cov anions ntawm cov ntsiab lus nyob hauv qab bromine hauv lub sijhawm teem sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tuaj yeem oxidize chloride kom muab tshuaj chlorine. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem tsim Br los ntawm kev kho cov bromide-nplua nuj brines nrog cov roj chlorine. Los yog lwm yam roj bromine yog tsim los ntawm kev kho HBr nrog sulfuric acid. Bromine muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev lag luam thiab chaw kuaj tshuaj. Bromide compounds yog ib qho tseem ceeb xws li roj av additives, rau tshuaj tua kab thiab ua tshuaj tua kab mob hauv dej purification.
YBromide yog dab tsi?
Bromide yog cov anion uas tsim thaum bromine abstracts ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm lwm yam electropositive. Peb tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm lub cim Br–. Nws yog monovalent ion nrog -1 nqi. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj 36 electrons thiab 35 protons.
Lub teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm bromide yog [Ar] 4s 2 3d10 4p6. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ionic compounds xws li sodium bromide, calcium bromide thiab HBr. Nws kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv qhov chaw dej.
Qhov txawv ntawm Bromine thiab Bromide yog dab tsi?
Bromine yog ib yam tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm lub sij hawm uas yog denoted los ntawm Br thaum Bromide yog cov anion uas tsim thaum bromine abstracts ib tug electron los ntawm lwm yam electropositive. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm bromine thiab bromide yog tias bromide yog qhov txo qis ntawm bromine. Tsis tas li ntawd, bromide muaj 36 electrons piv rau 35 electrons ntawm bromine, tab sis ob leeg muaj 35 protons. Yog li ntawd, bromide muaj ib tug nqi -1 whereas bromine yog nruab nrab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, bromine yog tshuaj lom neeg ntau dua li Bromide. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm bromine thiab bromide yog tias bromide tau ua tiav krypton electron configuration thiab yog, yog li ntawd, ruaj khov dua li bromine atom.
Summary – Bromine vs Bromide
Bromine yog cov khoom siv tshuaj hauv lub sijhawm teem sijhawm thiab tau hais los ntawm Br. Lub caij no, bromide yog cov anion uas tsim thaum bromine abstracts ib qho hluav taws xob los ntawm lwm yam electropositive. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm bromine thiab bromide yog tias bromide yog qhov txo qis ntawm bromine.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Bromine 25ml (pob tshab)” Los ntawm W. Oelen – (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia
2. "Br-" Los ntawm NEUROtiker - Tus kheej ua haujlwm (Public Domain) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
