Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pib codon thiab nres codon yog qhov pib codon yog qhov trinucleotide ib ntus uas cim qhov pib ntawm kab ke uas txhais ua cov protein thaum nres codon yog trinucleotide ib ntus uas cim qhov kawg ntawm cov kab ke uas txhais rau hauv protein.
Txoj cai ntawm noob caj noob ces muaj cov lus qhia xav tau los ua cov protein tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj cov kab mob trinucleotide uas hu ua codons. Txhua codon qhia txog cov amino acid. Amino acids yog lub tsev blocks ntawm cov protein. Genetic code ntawm txhua tus noob pib nrog pib codon thiab xaus nrog nres codon. Yog li ntawd, pib codon cim lub vev xaib uas txhais ua cov protein pib. Nres codon, ntawm qhov tod tes, cim qhov chaw ntawm kev txhais lus rau hauv cov protein xaus. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas ob lub codons no ua ob lub cim cim hauv cov caj ces. Ob leeg yog cov kab mob trinucleotide tshwj xeeb.
Pib Codon yog dab tsi?
pib codon yog thawj codon ntawm cov ntawv sau mRNA ib ntus uas txhais ua cov amino acid los ntawm ribosome. Yog li ntawd, nws cim lub vev xaib uas txhais ua cov protein pib. Nws yog ib ntus uas muaj peb lub nucleotides. Thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus, tRNA paub txog qhov pib codon thiab pib qhov kev txhais lus. AUG yog qhov pib codon tshaj plaws. Hauv cov noob eukaryotic, nws qhia txog cov amino acid methionin thaum nyob rau hauv cov noob prokaryotic, nws qhia cov formyl methionine (fMet). Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov pib codons nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si eukaryotes thiab prokaryotes uas feem ntau code rau cov amino acids uas tsis yog methionine. Tab sis, tsis yog-AUG pib codons tsis tshua pom hauv eukaryotes. Qee qhov pib codons yog CUG, AUA thiab AUU hauv tib neeg thiab GUG thiab UUG hauv prokaryotes.
Nres Codon yog dab tsi?
Qhov nres codon yog qhov sib luag ntawm trinucleotide uas cim lub xaib ntawm qhov kev txhais ntawm mRNA rau hauv cov protein xaus. Li no, nws yog lub xeem codon ntawm transcribed mRNA. Muaj peb nres codons. UAG, UAA, and UGA, and they are named as amber (UAG), opal or umber (UGA) and ocher (UAA). Lawv taw qhia qhov h alt rau protein synthesis. Lawv kuj tseem hu ua termination codons lossis nonsense codons. Lawv tsis code rau cov amino acid.
Thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus, nres codon yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tso tawm cov saw hlau tshiab polypeptide los ntawm ribosome txij li tsis muaj tRNA tshwm sim nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv codon ntxiv rau qhov nres codon.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Start Codon thiab Stop Codon?
- Pib codon thiab nres codon yog ob lub cim cim hauv cov caj ces.
- Lawv yog trinucleotide sequences nyob rau hauv ib tug messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule.
- Ob lub codons tseem ceeb kom txo qis kev ua yuam kev.
Qhov txawv ntawm Start Codon thiab Stop Codon yog dab tsi?
Start codon yog lub codon uas cim lub vev xaib uas pib txhais lus thaum nres codon yog qhov chaw uas txhais lus nres. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pib codon thiab nres codon. Pib codon pom nyob rau ntawm 5' kawg ntawm mRNA thaum nres codon tam sim no ntawm 3' kawg ntawm mRNA.
Ntxiv mus, pib codon codes rau methionine thaum nres codons tsis code rau amino acids.
Cov hauv qab no infographic tabulates ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm pib codon thiab nres codon.
Summary – Pib Codon vs Stop Codon
Pib codon thiab nres codon yog ob lub cim cim ntawm cov caj ces ntawm cov noob. Pib codon cim qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev txhais lus rau hauv cov protein ntau pib thaum nres codon cim qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev txhais lus xaus. Muaj peb qhov nres codons li UAG, UAA, thiab UGA, thiab lawv tsis code rau cov amino acid thaum feem ntau pib codon AUG codes rau methionine. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj tRNA tshwm sim nrog anticodon ntxiv kom tsis txhob codon. Yog li, nres codon yog lub luag haujlwm rau tso cov saw tshiab polypeptide los ntawm ribosome. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm pib codon thiab nres codon.
