YAmylase vs Amylose
Starch yog ib qho carbohydrate uas yog categorized li polysaccharide. Thaum kaum lossis ntau dua ntawm cov monosaccharides koom nrog glycosidic bonds, lawv hu ua polysaccharides. Polysaccharides yog cov polymers thiab, yog li ntawd, muaj qhov hnyav dua molecular, feem ntau ntau dua 10000. Monosaccharide yog cov monomer ntawm cov polymer no. Muaj peev xwm muaj polysaccharides ua los ntawm ib qho monosaccharide thiab cov no hu ua homopolysaccharides. Cov no tuaj yeem raug cais raws li hom monosaccharide. Piv txwv li, yog tias monosaccharide yog piam thaj, ces chav tsev monomeric hu ua glucan. Starch yog glucan li ntawd. Nyob ntawm txoj kev uas cov piam thaj molecules txuas rau ib leeg, muaj cov ceg thiab tsis muaj ceg nyob hauv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab dav tau hais tias yog ua los ntawm amylose thiab amylopectin uas yog cov chains loj ntawm cov piam thaj.
Amylose
Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, thiab nws yog polysaccharide. D-glucose molecules txuas rau ib leeg txhawm rau tsim cov qauv kab hu ua amylose. Ntau cov piam thaj molecules tuaj yeem koom rau hauv kev tsim cov amylose molecule. Tus lej no tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm 300 mus rau ntau txhiab. Thaum D-glucose molecules nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cyclic, tus naj npawb 1 carbon atom tuaj yeem tsim ib daim ntawv cog lus glycosidic nrog 4th carbon atom ntawm lwm cov piam thaj molecule. Qhov no yog hu ua α-1, 4-glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus. Vim hais tias ntawm no linkage amylose tau txais ib tug linear qauv. Nws tuaj yeem muaj peb hom amylose. Ib qho yog amorphous tsis zoo, thiab muaj ob daim ntawv helical. Ib cov saw amylose tuaj yeem khi nrog lwm cov saw amylose lossis nrog lwm cov tshuaj hydrophobic xws li amylopectin, fatty acid, aromatic compound, thiab lwm yam. Thaum tsuas yog amylose nyob rau hauv cov qauv, nws yog nruj nreem ntim vim lawv tsis muaj ceg. Yog li lub rigidity ntawm tus qauv yog siab.
Amylose ua 20-30% ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Amylose yog insoluble hauv dej. Amylose kuj yog vim li cas rau insolubility ntawm starch. Nws kuj txo cov crystallinity ntawm amylopectin. Hauv cov nroj tsuag, amylose ua haujlwm ua lub zog cia. Thaum amylose degraded rau hauv cov ntawv me me carbohydrate li m altose, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua lub zog. Thaum ua qhov kev sim iodine rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cov iodine molecules haum rau hauv cov qauv helical ntawm amylose, yog li muab cov xim dub / xiav.
Amylase
Amylase yog ib qho enzyme. Qhov no catalyses cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab rau hauv me me units. Ua ntej nws tawg cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab mus rau hauv cov saw ntev thiab tseem tuaj yeem degrade kom txog thaum cov piam thaj monomer. Amylase enzymes tau tso tawm hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv peb lub cev. Cov qaub ncaug thiab kua txiv pancreatic muaj amylose hauv tib neeg. Yog li ntawd, thawj zaug starch digestion tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Tsis yog tib neeg, kab mob, fungi thiab nroj tsuag kuj muaj amylase enzymes. Muaj ntau hom amylase enzyme xws li α-amylase, ß-amylase thiab γ-amylase. Rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm α-amylase, calcium ions yog qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum cov enzyme no ua rau amylose, m altotriose thiab m altose molecules raug tsim los ua cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov piam thaj thiab m altose yog tsim nrog amylopectin. Salivary thiab pancreatic amylase yog α-amylase enzymes. Daim ntawv ntawm amylase nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, fungi thiab nroj tsuag yog β-amylase. Qhov no enzyme yields m altose thaum lub sij hawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. γ-amylase yog tshwj xeeb cleaves α-1, 6-glycosidic bonds thiab kawg α-1, 4-glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus ntawm qhov tsis txo qhov kawg ntawm amylose thiab amylopectin.
Amylose thiab Amylase txawv li cas?
• Amylose yog polysaccharide carbohydrate thiab amylase yog ib qho enzyme.
• Amylase enzymes catalyze cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab (amylose thiab amylopectin).
• Amylose ua lub zog cia thiab lub zog hauv cov kab mob. Amylase enzyme tuaj yeem pab hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm yielding zog los ntawm amylose.
