Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation yog tias phosphorylation yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm phosphate pawg rau cov molecule los ntawm cov protein kinase. Lub caij no, dephosphorylation yog kev tshem tawm ntawm pawg phosphate los ntawm cov molecule los ntawm hydrolase, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm phosphatase.
Phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation yog ob txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem physiological ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Protein phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cell signaling, cell division, protein translation, metabolism thiab ciaj sia taus. Hauv ib lub cell, feem ntau, ntau dua 30% ntawm cov protein tau txais phosphorylation. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhua hom protein substrates xws li cov qauv proteins, enzymes, membrane channels, signaling molecules, thiab lwm yam.
Phosphorylation yog dab tsi?
Phosphorylation yog qhov sib ntxiv lossis hloov ntawm pawg phosphate mus rau ib lub molecule los ntawm ib qho enzyme hu ua protein kinase. Nws yog ib hom kev hloov kho posttranslational. Feem ntau, ib pab pawg phosphate los ntawm ATP lossis los ntawm ADP. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv ntau cov txheej txheem physiological tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob nyob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj cov protein muaj nuj nqi, localization, conformation, kev sib cuam tshuam thiab clearance. Tsis tas li ntawd, phosphorylation yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev teeb tsa lub cev. Neurotransmitters, cov tshuaj hormones, cytokines, thiab lwm yam. ua rau lawv cov teebmeem los ntawm kev tswj cov phosphorylation hauv lawv cov hlwb.
Daim duab 01: Phosphorylation
Muaj ntau dua 200000 qhov chaw phosphorylation hauv tib neeg genome. Ntau tshaj 500 qhov sib txawv kinases koom nrog hauv phosphorylation mechanisms.
Dephosphorylation yog dab tsi?
Dephosphorylation yog qhov sib piv ntawm phosphorylation. Dephosphorylation yog hais txog kev tshem tawm ntawm pawg phosphate los ntawm cov molecule, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm cov organic compound. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm hydrolysis. Hydrolase, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog phosphatase, yog lub enzyme catalyzing dephosphorylation. Zoo ib yam li phosphorylation, dephosphorylation tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov txheej txheem ntawm tes. Thaum lub sij hawm phosphorylation, ATP hloov mus rau hauv ADP los ntawm kev tso ib pab pawg phosphate thiab lub zog. Kev tshem tawm ntawm pab pawg phosphate tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration los ntawm kev ntxiv cov molecule ntawm dej thiab rov tsim dua ntawm pawg hydroxyl.
Daim duab 02: Dephosphorylation
Proteins feem ntau raug dephosphorylation. Protein dephosphorylation yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv cell signaling. Ntxiv mus, dephosphorylation plays lub luag haujlwm loj hauv cloning siv txwv enzymes. Dephosphorylating phosphatase tiv thaiv re-ligation.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Phosphorylation thiab Dephosphorylation?
- Dephosphorylation yog qhov sib piv ntawm phosphorylation.
- Nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev, phosphate pawg koom nrog.
- Tsis tas li, lawv yog cov enzyme catalyzing cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
- Thiab, ob qho kev tawm tsam yog thim rov qab.
- Dhau li ntawd, ob qho txheej txheem tuaj yeem siv los qhib lossis kaw cov protein.
- Lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv.
Qhov txawv ntawm Phosphorylation thiab Dephosphorylation yog dab tsi?
Phosphorylation yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm pawg phosphate rau ib lub molecule los ntawm cov protein kinase, thaum dephosphorylation yog kev tshem tawm ntawm pawg phosphate los ntawm cov molecule los ntawm phosphatase. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation. Tsis tas li ntawd, phosphorylation yog catalyzed los ntawm cov protein kinases thaum dephosphorylation yog catalyzed los ntawm phosphatase.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation.
Summary – Phosphorylation vs Dephosphorylation
Phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation yog ob txheej txheem uas tseem ceeb rau txhua yam txheej txheem physiological. Hauv phosphorylation, kev hloov ntawm ib pawg phosphate mus rau ib lub molecule yuav tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm tsam tshwm sim hauv dephosphorylation. Ib pawg phosphate raug tshem tawm los ntawm ib lub molecule hauv dephosphorylation. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm phosphorylation thiab dephosphorylation. Txawm li cas los xij, ob qho kev cuam tshuam yog thim rov qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov enzymes yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa ob hom kev tawm tsam. Protein kinases catalyze phosphorylation, thaum phosphatase catalyze dephosphorylation.
