Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy yog tias hauv hydrometallurgy, peb siv cov tshuaj aqueous los rho cov hlau los ntawm cov ore, hos nyob rau hauv pyrometallurgy, peb siv cov kub kub los rho cov hlau los ntawm cov ore.
Hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy yog ob ceg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam chemistry. Ob qho txheej txheem no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev rho tawm cov hlau los ntawm lawv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlau ore. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua cov txheej txheem metallurgical extractive.
Hydrometallurgy yog dab tsi?
Hydrometallurgy yog ib ceg hauv kev lag luam chemistry uas peb siv cov tshuaj aqueous los rho tawm cov hlau los ntawm nws cov ore, concentrates, rov siv dua lossis cov khoom seem, thiab lwm yam. Muaj peb qhov chaw dav dav hauv hydrometallurgy: leaching, concentration thiab purification, thiab rov qab cov hlau.
Cov txheej txheem leaching tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam xws li hauv qhov chaw leaching, heap leaching, vat leaching, tank leaching, thiab autoclave leaching. Cov no yog tsib yam yooj yim ntawm leaching. Cov txheej txheem leaching siv cov tshuaj aqueous los rho cov hlau los ntawm cov ore. Cov tshuaj uas siv tshwj xeeb hauv hydrometallurgy yog lub npe hu ua lixiviant tov. Nws tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv pH, qhov muaj peev xwm oxidation-txo, chelate tus neeg sawv cev muaj pes tsawg leeg, kub thiab lwm yam khoom nyob ntawm seb hom hlau uas peb yuav rho tawm. Cov kev mob tshwm sim no tau hloov pauv raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov twg thiab kev xaiv ntawm kev sib cais, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Hydrometallurgy rau Copper Extraction
kauj ruam tom ntej ntawm hydrometallurgy yog cov tshuaj concentration thiab purification. Cov kauj ruam no suav nrog qhov concentration ntawm cov hlau ion nyob rau hauv cov dej cawv leached thiab tshem tawm cov hlau ions uas tsis xav tau. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb suav nrog hauv theem no yog nag lossis daus, cementation, hnyav extraction, ion pauv, thiab electrowinning.
theem ntawm cov hlau rov qab yog kauj ruam kawg ntawm hydrometallurgy. Cov hlau tau los ntawm cov kauj ruam no yog tsim rau kev muag khoom ncaj qha. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua kom zoo dua ntxiv yog qhov yuav tsum tau thaum peb xav tau cov hlau purity ultra-siab. Cov hlau rov qab tuaj yeem ua tau ob txoj hauv kev: electrolysis thiab nag lossis daus.
YPyrometallurgy yog dab tsi?
Pyrometallurgy yog ceg ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntsig txog kev siv cov kub kub los rho tawm thiab ntxuav cov hlau. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib ceg ntawm extractive metallurgy. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tsim cov hlau ntshiab uas tsim nyog rau kev muag ncaj qha thiab cov alloys haum raws li pub rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem Pyrometallurgical tuaj yeem raug cais raws li cov txheej txheem hauv qab no: calcining, roasting, smelting, thiab refining.
Calcining lossis calcination yog thermal decomposition ntawm cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua nyob rau hauv cov chav uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus siab zog tawm tswv yim. Piv txwv li, furnaces xws li shaft furnaces, rotary kilns, thiab fluidized txaj reactors.
Roasting suav nrog cov thermal gas-cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov txheej txheem no siv cov txheej txheem xws li oxidation, txo qis, chlorination, thiab sulfonation. Ntxiv mus, txoj kev no yog tsim nyog rau hlau sulfide ores. Ntawm no, cov hlau sulfide yog rhuab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm huab cua mus rau ib tug kub kub; Qhov kub no tuaj yeem ua rau cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua ua rau cov tshuaj sulfide, tsim cov sulfur dioxide, uas tawm hauv cov hlau oxide.
Daim duab 02: Zinc Smelting Process
Smelting yog txheej txheem thermal uas thaum kawg ib yam khoom yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev molten. Tom qab ntawd cov hlau oxides yog smelted los ntawm cua sov nrog rau coke (los yog charcoal), uas tso cai rau tso carbon dioxide. Qhov no tawm cov ntxhia ua kom zoo. Refining yog tshem tawm impurities los ntawm cov ore siv cov txheej txheem thermal.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hydrometallurgy thiab Pyrometallurgy yog dab tsi?
Hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy yog ob ceg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam chemistry. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy yog tias nyob rau hauv hydrometallurgy, peb siv cov tshuaj aqueous los rho cov hlau los ntawm cov ore, hos nyob rau hauv pyrometallurgy, peb siv kub kub los rho hlau los ntawm cov ore..
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy.
Summary – Hydrometallurgy vs Pyrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy yog ob ceg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam chemistry. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hydrometallurgy thiab pyrometallurgy yog tias nyob rau hauv hydrometallurgy, peb siv cov tshuaj aqueous los rho cov hlau los ntawm cov ore, hos nyob rau hauv pyrometallurgy, peb siv kub kub los rho hlau los ntawm cov ore..
