Qhov txawv ntawm Diethyl Ether thiab Petroleum Ether

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2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Diethyl Ether vs Petroleum Ether

Txawm hais tias ob lub npe diethyl ether thiab roj av ether suab zoo sib xws, lawv yog cov tshuaj sib txawv kiag li nrog ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. Diethyl ether yog cov kua ntshiab organic thiab roj av ether yog sib xyaw ntawm hydrocarbons. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm diethyl ether thiab roj av ether yog tias diethyl ether yog ether whereas roj av ether tsis muaj qhov sib txuas ether (-O-). Lawv ob leeg pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ua kua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub nrog heev volatile zog.

Diethyl Ether yog dab tsi?

Diethyl ether, tseem hu ua ethyl ether yog cov organic compound nrog cov yam ntxwv muaj zog tsw thiab kub, qab zib saj. Cov mis molecular thiab molecular hnyav ntawm Diethyl ether yog C₄H₁₀O thiab 74.1216 g mol^{-1 raws. Nws yog xim tsis muaj xim, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, nplaim taws (qhov kub ntawm 34.5 ° C [94.1 ° F]) kua.}

Nws cov qauv molecular muaj ob pawg ethyl (-CH₂CH₃) txuas los ntawm cov pa atom (C ₂H₅-O-C₂H_5).

IUPAC lub npe: ethoxyethane

Petroleum Ether yog dab tsi?

Petroleum ether yog ib qho ntshiab, tsis muaj xim, muaj nplaim taws heev, tsis muaj fluorescent kua nrog cov yam ntxwv hydrocarbon tsw. Nws yog ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tsis muaj zog aliphatic hydrocarbons, feem ntau pentane thiab isohexane; nws qhov kub kub ntawm 30-60 ^{0 C. Nws qhov ceev yog qis dua qhov ntom ntawm dej thiab nws yog dej insoluble; nws ntab saum dej. Nws yog qee zaum hu ua benzin, benzine, roj av benzin, canadol, lub teeb ligroin, thiab skellysolve.}

Qhov txawv tseem ceeb - Diethyl Ether vs Petroleum Ether

Feem ntau, ethers muaj hom kev sib txuas tshwj xeeb nrog kev sib txuas alkoxy R-O-R^{'. Tab sis, roj av ether tsis muaj ib qho kev sib txuas alkoxy txawm tias nws hu ua roj av ether.}

Qhov txawv ntawm Diethyl Ether thiab Petroleum Ether yog dab tsi?

Khoom ntawm Diethyl Ether thiab Petroleum Ether:

Diethyl Ether: Diethyl ether yog cov kua tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj suab nrov nrog cov ntxhiab tsw qab. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab tsawg dua ntom dua dej. Nws vapor hnyav dua li huab cua. Diethyl ether yog cov polar molecule thiab nws tuaj yeem tsim hydrogen bonds nrog dej.

Petroleum Ether: Petroleum ether yog cov kua ntshiab, tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj kuab lom nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm hydrocarbons. Nws yog dej insoluble thiab tsawg ntom dua dej; yog li ntawd, nws ntab saum dej. Petroleum ether yog ib qho tsis-polar compound, yog li ntawd, nws yog insoluble nyob rau hauv polar solvents.

Kev Siv Diethyl Ether thiab Petroleum Ether:

Diethyl Ether: Diethyl ether yog siv hauv kev lag luam los ua lwm yam tshuaj thiab hauv kev tshawb fawb biomedical. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj loog uas paub zoo thiab siv dav los ua cov kuab tshuaj. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj rau waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, thiab pos hniav.

Petroleum Ether: Petroleum ether yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj, roj, tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab tshuaj tua kab. Nws yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj rau cov roj, rog, thiab waxes. Nws kuj tseem siv tau hauv kev yees duab, pleev xim, thiab cov kua roj vanish.

Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm Diethyl Ether thiab Petroleum Ether:

Diethyl Ether: Kev nqus cov pa ntawm diethyl ether vapor tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, mob taub hau, ntuav, thiab tsis nco qab. Kev sib chwv qhov muag yuav ua rau khaus khaus thiab kev sib cuag nrog cov khaub ncaws ntub tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab.

Petroleum Ether: Txoj hauv kev feem ntau ntawm cov roj av ether raug tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev nqus pa thiab sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kev kis ntau dhau yog teeb meem thiab nws coj ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv hauv tib neeg lub cev. Cov teebmeem hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau yog tias nws muaj ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab hydrocarbons. Piv txwv li, kev nqus pa cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb (CNS) ua rau mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, xeev siab, qaug zog thiab tsis sib haum xeeb. Kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau daim tawv nqaij ua xua thiab noj qhov ncauj ua rau cov mucous membrane irritation, ntuav, thiab hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb kev nyuaj siab.