Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab aliphatic aldehydes yog cov aromatic aldehydes muaj lawv cov aldehyde ua haujlwm pab pawg neeg txuas rau ib pawg aromatic whereas aliphatic aldehydes tsis muaj lawv aldehyde functional pawg txuas nrog ib pawg aromatic.
Aldehydes yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj pawg ua haujlwm -CHO. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj qhov chaw carbonyl (-C=O). Cov mis ntawm ib qho aldehyde yog R-CHO nyob rau hauv uas R pab pawg neeg tuaj yeem yog aromatic lossis aliphatic. Li no, pawg R no txiav txim siab qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov organic molecule. Aromatic aldehydes muaj tsawg reactive dua li aliphatic aldehydes.
Aromatic Aldehydes yog dab tsi?
Aromatic aldehydes yog cov organic molecules uas muaj -CHO ua haujlwm pab pawg txuas mus rau ib pawg aromatic. Txawm li cas los xij, peb xa mus rau lub npe no thaum muaj ib pab pawg tsw qab nyob rau hauv aldehyde. Aromatic pawg muaj delocalized pi-electron huab vim yog conjugated pi bond system (alternating pattern of single bonds and two bonds).
Daim duab 01: Benzaldehyde
Thaum pab pawg ua haujlwm ncaj qha txuas rau lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab, nws txhawb nqa lub pi orbital sib tshooj ntawm lub orbital ntawm carbonyl carbon thiab orbitals ntawm pawg aromatic. Uas nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lub xub ntiag ntawm cov carbonyl pab pawg neeg txuas mus rau lub aromatic nplhaib ncua lub delocalization ntawm pi-electron huab. Qhov no redistributes cov nyhuv ntawm electron rho tawm qhov xwm ntawm oxygen nyob rau hauv -CHO pab pawg neeg uas koom nrog cov aromatic nplhaib. Yog li ntawd, lub nplhaib aromatic ua rau pawg aldehyde tsawg electrophilic. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov molecules muaj resonance stabilization.
Aliphatic Aldehydes yog dab tsi?
Aliphatic aldehydes yog cov organic tebchaw uas tsis muaj lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab nrog rau pawg aldehyde. Ntxiv mus, cov molecules no tsis muaj ib lub nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab txuas mus rau qhov twg ntawm cov compound.
Daim duab 02: Isovalerylaldehyde
Vim tias tsis muaj cov nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab, cov molecules no tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg resonance. Yog li ntawd, cov molecules no muaj electrophilic -CHO pawg, yog li, lub reactivity ntawm lub molecule yog heev.
Qhov txawv ntawm Aromatic thiab Aliphatic Aldehydes yog dab tsi?
Aromatic aldehydes yog cov organic molecules uas muaj -CHO ua haujlwm pab pawg txuas mus rau ib pawg aromatic. Aliphatic aldehydes yog cov organic tebchaw uas tsis muaj cov nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab nrog rau pawg aldehyde. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm aromatic thiab aliphatic aldehydes.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tsw qab aldehydes muaj resonance stabilization. Yog li, cov reactivity ntawm cov molecules no tsawg heev. Ntxiv mus, lawv tsis tshua muaj electrophilic. Tab sis, aliphatic aldehydes tsis muaj resonance stabilization. Yog li ntawd, lub reactivity yog siab heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov xwm txheej electrophilic kuj siab heev.
Summary – Aromatic vs Aliphatic Aldehydes
Aldehydes muaj nyob rau hauv ob hom xws li aromatic aldehydes thiab aliphatic aldehydes. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab aliphatic aldehydes yog cov aromatic aldehydes muaj lawv cov aldehyde ua haujlwm pab pawg nrog rau ib pawg aromatic whereas aliphatic aldehydes tsis muaj lawv aldehyde functional pawg txuas nrog ib pawg aromatic.
