Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Tsis Txaus vs Reactance
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li resistors, inductors, thiab capacitors muaj qee yam kev cuam tshuam rau tam sim no dhau los ntawm lawv. Thaum cov resistors hnov mob rau ob qho tib si ncaj qha tam sim no thiab hloov tam sim no, inductors thiab capacitors teb rau cov kev hloov pauv ntawm tam sim no lossis hloov tam sim no nkaus xwb. Qhov kev cuam tshuam rau tam sim no los ntawm cov khoom no yog hu ua hluav taws xob impedance (Z). Impedance yog ib tug complex nqi nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas lej. Qhov tseeb ntawm tus lej no yog hu ua tsis kam (R), thiab tsuas yog cov resistors ntshiab muaj qhov tsis kam. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws capacitors thiab inductors pab txhawb rau qhov kev xav ntawm qhov impedance uas yog hu ua reactance (X). Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsis kam thiab reactance yog qhov kev tawm tsam yog ib feem ntawm qhov impedance ntawm ib qho kev tivthaiv whereas reactance yog ib qho kev xav ntawm qhov impedance ntawm ib feem. Ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm peb yam hauv RLC circuits ua rau impedance ntawm txoj kev tam sim no.
Resistance yog dab tsi?
Resistance yog qhov cuam tshuam qhov voltage ntsib hauv kev tsav tsheb tam sim no los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Yog tias yuav tsum tau tsav tam sim no loj, qhov hluav taws xob siv rau qhov kawg ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum siab. Ntawd yog, qhov siv hluav taws xob (V) yuav tsum sib npaug rau qhov tam sim no (I) uas mus dhau ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, raws li tau hais los ntawm Ohm txoj cai; qhov tsis tu ncua rau qhov kev faib ua feem yog qhov tsis kam (R) ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib.
V=I X R
Cov neeg siv khoom muaj qhov sib txawv txawm tias qhov tam sim no tsis tu ncua lossis txawv. Rau qhov hloov pauv tam sim no, kev tiv thaiv tuaj yeem suav nrog siv Ohm Txoj Cai nrog tam sim no voltage thiab tam sim no. Kev ntsuas ntsuas hauv Ohms (Ω) nyob ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib qhov kev tawm tsam (ρ), qhov ntev (l) thiab cheeb tsam hla ntu (A) qhov twg,
Resistance kuj nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib txij li qhov kev hloov pauv hloov nrog qhov ntsuas kub hauv qab no. qhov twg ρ 0 hais txog qhov kev tawm tsam tau teev tseg ntawm tus qauv ntsuas kub T 0uas feem ntau yog chav tsev kub, thiab α yog qhov kub thiab txias coefficient ntawm resistivity:
Rau cov cuab yeej uas muaj kev tiv thaiv dawb huv, kev siv hluav taws xob yog xam los ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm I 2 x R. Vim tias tag nrho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tiag tiag, lub zog siv. los ntawm kev tawm tsam yuav yog lub zog tiag tiag. Yog li ntawd, lub hwj chim muab rau qhov zoo tagnrho kuj yog siv tag nrho.
Reactance yog dab tsi?
Reactance yog ib lo lus xav hauv kev ua lej. Nws muaj tib txoj kev xav ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab sib koom tib lub tsev Ohms (Ω). Reactance tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv inductors thiab capacitors thaum hloov pauv tam sim no. Li no, reactance nyob ntawm qhov zaus ntawm qhov hloov pauv tam sim no los ntawm inductor lossis capacitor.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug capacitor, nws accumulates nqi thaum ib tug voltage yog thov mus rau ob lub terminals kom txog rau thaum lub capacitor voltage match qhov chaw. Yog tias qhov kev siv hluav taws xob yog nrog AC qhov chaw, cov nqi them rov qab mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub voj voog tsis zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Raws li qhov zaus mus ntau dua, qhov tsawg dua cov nqi khaws cia hauv lub capacitor rau lub sijhawm luv luv txij li lub sijhawm them thiab lub sijhawm tso tawm tsis hloov. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm lub capacitor mus rau qhov tam sim no ntws hauv Circuit Court yuav tsawg dua thaum qhov zaus nce. Ntawd yog, lub reactance ntawm lub capacitor yog inversely proportional rau lub angular zaus (ω) ntawm AC. Yog li, lub capacitive reactance txhais tau tias yog
C yog lub capacitance ntawm lub capacitor thiab f yog qhov zaus hauv Hertz. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov impedance ntawm lub capacitor yog tus lej tsis zoo. Yog li, lub impedance ntawm lub capacitor yog Z=- i / 2 π fC. Ib qho zoo tagnrho capacitor tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog lub reactance.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus inductor tawm tsam qhov kev hloov pauv tam sim no los ntawm nws los ntawm kev tsim lub txee hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (emf) hla nws. Qhov emf no yog proportional rau qhov zaus ntawm AC mov thiab, nws qhov kev tawm tsam, uas yog inductive reactance, yog proportional rau zaus.
Inductive reactance yog tus nqi zoo. Yog li, qhov impedance ntawm ib qho zoo tagnrho inductor yuav yog Z=i2 π fL. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho yuav tsum nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias txhua qhov kev siv hluav taws xob muaj kev tiv thaiv ib yam nkaus, thiab cov khoom siv no suav nrog hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua impedances.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam tam sim no los ntawm inductors thiab capacitors, qhov hloov hluav taws xob hla nws yuav muaj qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv ntawm qhov tam sim no. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias theem ntawm AC voltage yog txawv ntawm theem ntawm AC tam sim no. Vim yog qhov inductive reactance, qhov kev hloov tam sim no muaj qhov lag luam ntawm theem voltage, tsis zoo li capacitive reactance qhov twg theem tam sim no ua. Hauv cov khoom zoo tagnrho, cov hmoov txhuas thiab cov lag luam muaj qhov loj ntawm 90 degrees.
Daim duab 01: Voltage-Tam sim no theem kev sib raug zoo rau lub capacitor thiab ib qho inductor.
Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob hauv AC circuits raug tshuaj xyuas siv cov duab kos duab. Vim tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov theem tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob, lub zog xa mus rau qhov hluav taws xob reactive tsis tas siv los ntawm lub voj voog. Qee lub zog xa tawm yuav raug xa rov qab mus rau qhov chaw thaum qhov hluav taws xob zoo, thiab qhov tam sim no tsis zoo (xws li qhov twg lub sijhawm=0 hauv daim duab saum toj no). Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob, rau qhov sib txawv ntawm ϴ degrees ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov theem tam sim no, cos (ϴ) yog hu ua lub zog ntawm qhov system. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hauv hluav taws xob vim nws ua rau lub cev ua haujlwm tau zoo. Rau lub zog siab tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm lub kaw lus, lub zog yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas los ntawm kev ua ϴ=0 lossis zero. Txij li thaum feem ntau ntawm cov loads nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob systems feem ntau yog inductive loads (xws li motors), capacitor bank yog siv rau lub hwj chim kho kom raug.
Qhov txawv ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv yog dab tsi?
Resistance vs Reactance |
|
| Resistance yog qhov kev tawm tsam rau qhov tsis tu ncua lossis sib txawv tam sim no hauv tus neeg xyuas pib. Nws yog ib feem ntawm impedance ntawm ib feem. | Reactance yog qhov kev tawm tsam rau qhov hloov pauv tam sim no hauv inductor lossis capacitor. Reactance yog qhov kev xav ntawm qhov impedance. |
| Kev vam meej | |
| Resistance nyob ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib qhov ntev, kev tiv thaiv, thiab kub. Nws tsis hloov vim qhov zaus ntawm AC voltage. | Reactance nyob ntawm qhov zaus ntawm qhov hloov pauv tam sim no. Rau inductors, nws yog proportional, thiab rau capacitors, nws yog inversely proportional rau zaus. |
| Theem ntawm qhov voltage thiab tam sim no los ntawm tus resistor yog tib yam; uas yog, theem sib txawv yog xoom. | Vim yog qhov inductive reactance, qhov kev hloov pauv tam sim no muaj kev lag luam los ntawm theem voltage. Hauv capacitive reactance, tam sim no yog thawj. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo, qhov sib txawv ntawm theem yog 90 degrees. |
| zog | |
| Lub zog noj vim qhov tsis kam yog lub zog tiag tiag thiab nws yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tam sim no. | Power muab rau cov khoom siv reactive tsis tas siv los ntawm lub cuab yeej vim yog lag luam lossis ua rau tam sim no. |
Summary – Resistance vs Reactance
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li cov resistors, capacitors, thiab inductors ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam paub tias yog impedance rau tam sim no ntws los ntawm lawv, uas yog tus nqi nyuaj. Pure resisters muaj qhov muaj nuj nqis tiag tiag impedance hu ua tsis kam, thaum zoo tagnrho inductors thiab zoo tagnrho capacitors muaj qhov kev xav-tus nqi impedance hu ua reactance. Kev tawm tsam tshwm sim ntawm ob qho tib si tam sim no ncaj qha thiab hloov pauv tam sim no, tab sis reactance tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm qhov hloov pauv tam sim no, yog li ua qhov kev tawm tsam los hloov qhov tam sim no hauv cov khoom siv. Thaum qhov tsis kam yog ywj siab ntawm qhov zaus ntawm AC, reactance hloov nrog zaus ntawm AC. Reactance kuj ua rau theem sib txawv ntawm theem tam sim no thiab theem voltage. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis kam thiab reactance.
Download PDF Version of Resistance vs Reactance
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Reactance
