Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Hypersensitivity vs Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity yog ib qho kev hloov kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv tus kheej-antigens. Hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim, thaum koj lub cev ua haujlwm tawm tsam nws cov hlwb thiab cov ntaub so ntswg, qhov no yog hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv autoimmune. Ib qho exaggerated thiab tsis tsim nyog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau ib tug antigenic stimulus yog txhais raws li ib tug hypersensitivity cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv autoimmune uas tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm endogenous antigens, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hypersensitivity tshwm sim los ntawm ob qho tib si endogenous thiab exogenous antigens. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hypersensitivity thiab autoimmunity.
Hypersensitivity yog dab tsi?
Ib qho lus teb tsis txaus ntseeg thiab tsis tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob antigenic txhais tau tias yog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab. Thawj qhov raug rau ib qho antigen ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv raug tsim tawm. Qhov no yog hu ua sensitization. Tom qab kis mus rau tib lub antigen ua rau muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev xav tsis haum siab yog muab hauv qab no
- Lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm ob qho tib si exogenous thiab endogenous agents.
- Lawv yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam thiab cov kev tawm tsam uas muaj los tswj cov kev ua tsis tsim nyog ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Qhov muaj cov tshuaj genetic susceptibility ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
- Txoj yam uas muaj kev ntxhov siab ua rau peb lub cev zoo ib yam li txoj kev uas cov kab mob raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Daim duab 01: Allergy
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm Coombs thiab Gell, muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab.
Type I- Tam sim no Hom / Anaphylactic
Mechanism
Vasodilation, edema, thiab contraction ntawm cov leeg du yog cov kev hloov pauv pathological uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tam sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov lus teb lig yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev mob thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Kev ua xua thiab bronchial hawb pob yog vim muaj hom I hypersensitivity tshwm sim.
Type II – Antibody Mediated Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas cuam tshuam cov antigens los ntawm ntau lub tshuab. Ua li no, lawv tuaj yeem ua mob rau lub cev ib txwm muaj cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov qauv los ntawm kev ua rau mob thiab cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem metabolic.
Mechanism
Hom II hypersensitivity tshwm sim ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas hauv peb txoj kev.
YOpsonization thiab Phagocytosis
Cov hlwb uas tau opsonized los ntawm IgG cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog engulfed thiab rhuav tshem los ntawm phagocytosis qee zaus nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kab ke ntxiv.
mob khaub thuas
Qhov tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qab daus los yog cov kab mob extracellular ua rau muaj mob.
Cellular Dysfunction
Tsis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj, cov ntaub so ntswg raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas ua rau lawv ciaj sia.
Good pasture syndrome, myasthenia gravis, thiab pemphigus vulgaris yog ib co piv txwv ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm hom II hypersensitivity tshwm sim.
Type III – Immune Complex Mediated Hypersensitivity Reactions
Nyob rau hauv hom III qhov kev xav tsis zoo, cov ntaub so ntswg puas yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj antigen-antibody complexes. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tau tso rau ntawm qhov chaw sib txawv thiab ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau cov nqaij puas tsuaj.
Mechanism
Tsim kom muaj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob
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Txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob
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Kab mob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg puas
SLE, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, thiab polyarthritis nodosa yog qee yam kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm hom III hypersensitivity tshwm sim.
Morphological nta
Tus mob vasculitis yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev raug mob ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab nws yog nrog los ntawm neutropphilic infiltration thiab fibrinoid necrosis ntawm phab ntsa vascular.
Type IV-T Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cov ntaub so ntswg puas hauv cov kev cuam tshuam no yog vim cov lus teb inflammatory uas yog elicited los ntawm CD4+ hlwb thiab cytotoxic kev ua ntawm CD 8+ hlwb.
Kab mob xws li Psoriasis, ntau yam sclerosis, thiab kab mob plab hnyuv yog tshwm sim los ntawm hom IV hypersensitivity tshua.
Autoimmunity yog dab tsi?
Autoimmunity yog ib qho kev hloov kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv tus kheej-antigens. Raws li nyob rau hauv ib txwm tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov kev nthuav qhia antigen elicits ib tug sai proliferation ntawm T thiab B hlwb uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub activation ntawm effector mechanisms. Thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ib txwm sim tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exogenous los ntawm lub cev, cov lus teb autoimmune tsom ntawm kev tshem tawm ntau yam endogenous antigens los ntawm peb cov kab mob lom.
Ib yam kab mob autoimmune thiab cov autoantigens uas ua rau lawv muaj nyob hauv qab no.
- mob caj dab Rheumatoid - synovial proteins
- SLE - nucleic acid
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia - Rhesus protein
- YMyasthenia gravis - choline esterase
Muaj ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune
Kab mob tshwj xeeb autoimmune
Type I diabetes mellitus, Graves disease, multiple sclerosis, Good pasture syndrome
System Specific Autoimmune Diseases
YSLE, Scleroderma, Rheumatoid mob caj dab
Daim duab 02: Rheumatoid Arthritis
Raws li tau hais dhau los, cov lus teb autoimmune yog mounted tiv thaiv tus kheej-antigens. Tab sis nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov intrinsic molecules nrog antigenic zog ntawm peb lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov kab mob autoimmune ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg puas vim qhov rov ua kom tshem tawm ntawm tus kheej-antigens.
Vim li cas ib txhia tsuas muaj kev cuam tshuam?
Thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov T hlwb, lawv tau ua siab ntev rau tus kheej-antigens. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee tus neeg, qhov kev zam no yog ploj lossis cuam tshuam vim yog caj ces thiab ib puag ncig. Qhov no ua rau autoimmunity.
Feem ntau, muaj ntau yam kev tiv thaiv uas txhawb nqa apoptosis ntawm tus kheej-reactive T hlwb. Txawm hais tias cov kev ntsuas no, qee cov hlwb uas tus kheej tuaj yeem nyob hauv peb lub cev. Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob genetic susceptible, cov hlwb no tau activated ua rau ib tug kab mob autoimmune nyob rau hauv lub tsim nyog tej yam kev mob.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Hypersensitivity thiab Autoimmunity?
Ob leeg autoimmunity thiab hypersensitivity yog cov lus teb tsis zoo
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Hypersensitivity thiab autoimmunity?
Hypersensitivity vs Autoimmunity |
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| Ib qho lus tshaj tawm thiab tsis tsim nyog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog txhais tau tias yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab. | Autoimmunity yog ib qho kev hloov kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv tus kheej-antigens. |
| Antigens | |
| Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm ob qho tib si endogenous thiab exogenous antigens. | Qhov no tsuas yog tshwm sim los ntawm endogenous antigens. |
| Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab mob ntev. | Qhov no tsuas muaj qhov tshwm sim ntev. |
Summary – Hypersensitivity vs Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity yog ib qho kev hloov kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv tus kheej-antigens. Hypersensitivity yog ib qho exaggerated thiab tsis tsim nyog cov lus teb rau lub antigenic stimulus. Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm hypersensitivity thiab autoimmunity yog hais tias hypersensitivity yuav elicited los ntawm ob qho tib si exogenous thiab endogenous antigens whereas autoimmunity yog elicited tsuas yog los ntawm endogenous antigens.
Download PDF Version of Hypersensitivity vs Autoimmunity
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li cov ntawv sau tseg. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Kev Mob Siab thiab Kev Tsis Txaus Siab
