Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej hauv kev sib txuas ua ke yog qhov zoo sib xws yog qhov zoo sib xws (zoo ib yam) ntawm ob ntu hauv kev sib piv thaum tus kheej yog tus lej ntawm cov cim uas phim raws nraim ntawm ob qhov sib txawv.
Bioinformatics yog ib qho kev sib koom tes ntawm kev tshawb fawb uas feem ntau suav nrog molecular biology thiab noob caj noob ces, computer science, lej, thiab txheeb cais. Kev sib txuas ua ke yog ib lo lus tseem ceeb hauv bioinformatics. Nws yog cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv uas cov sequences ntawm DNA, RNA los yog protein yog teem los txheeb xyuas cov cheeb tsam ntawm zoo xws li cov uas yog ib tug tshwm sim ntawm functional, structural los yog evolutionary kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov sequences. Thaum kawg ntawm kev sib tw, lawv yuav raug nthuav tawm raws li kab hauv matrix. Txhawm rau ua kom cov cim zoo sib xws hauv cov coloums ua tiav, cov khoob khoob tau tshwm sim ntawm cov seem.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws?
Similarity in sequence alignment is the resemblance of two sequences when muab piv. Qhov tseeb no yog nyob ntawm tus kheej ntawm cov kab ke. Similarity depicts qhov twg cov residues yog aligned. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws muaj cov khoom zoo sib xws. Hauv bioinformatics, qhov zoo sib xws yog ib qho cuab yeej los ntsuas qhov zoo li ntawm ob lub proteins.
Daim duab 01: Zoo sib xws hauv Kev Sib Tw Sib Tw
Nws muaj ob kauj ruam tseem ceeb rau kev ua raws li cov txheej txheem. Thawj kauj ruam yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib raug zoo, uas yuav pab nrhiav kom pom qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob ntu (nrog rau qhov khoob) siv cov algorithms xws li BLAST, FastA, thiab LALIGN. Qhov sib txuam algorithm pom qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov kev hloov kho; nyob rau hauv-dels thiab hloov nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav dlhos ib theem zuj zus mus rau lwm yam sequence. Tom qab kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sib raug zoo, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txais ob qho kev ntsuas ntau los ntawm txhua qhov kev sib piv ua ke. Lawv yog tus kheej thiab zoo sib xws.
Identity yog dab tsi?
Identity in sequence alignment yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov cim uas phim raws nraim ntawm ob qhov sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, qhov khoob tsis suav thaum ntsuas tus kheej. Qhov ntsuas tau suav tias yog qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov luv luv ntawm ob ntu. Nws tseem ceeb heev hais tias nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam qhov uas cov kab ke tus kheej tsis hloov pauv. Yog tias X=Y thiab Y=Z, ces X tsis tas yuav sib npaug Z. Qhov no yog txiav los ntawm kev ntsuas tus kheej.
Daim duab 02: Tus Kheej hauv Kev Sib Txuas Sib Txuas
Piv txwv li, X muaj ib ntu ntawm AAGGCTT, Y muaj ib ntu ntawm AAGGC thiab Z muaj ib ntu ntawm AAGGCAT. Cov cim ntawm X thiab Y yog 100% {5 zoo tib yam nucleotides / min [ntev(X), ntev(Y)]}. Tus kheej ntawm Y thiab Z kuj yog 100%. Tab sis tus kheej ntawm X thiab Z tsuas yog 85% {(6 zoo tib yam nucleotides / 7)}.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej hauv kev sib txuas ua ke?
- Ob qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej yog ob nqe lus uas peb siv nyob rau hauv kev sib tw ua ke.
- Kuj, lawv hais txog qhov zoo ib yam ntawm ob ntu.
- Ntxiv mus, peb qhia lawv raws li tus nqi feem pua.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej hauv kev sib txuas ua ke?
Similarity in alignment qhia qhov zoo ib yam ntawm ob qhov sib lawv liag thaum piv thaum tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib theem zuj zus qhia txog tus nqi ntawm cov cim uas phim raws nraim ntawm ob qhov sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej hauv kev sib txuas ua ke.
Summary – Zoo sib xws vs Identity in Sequence Alignment
Kev sib txuas ua ke pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thaj chaw zoo ib yam hauv DNA, RNA lossis cov protein tshwm sim vim kev ua haujlwm, kev tsim qauv lossis kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab ke. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej yog ob lo lus tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob nqe lus no yog qhov zoo sib xws yog qhov zoo ib yam ntawm ob qhov sib txawv hauv kev sib piv thaum tus kheej yog tus lej ntawm cov cim uas phim raws nraim ntawm ob qhov sib txawv. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo sib xws thiab tus kheej hauv kev sib txuas ua ke.
