Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Cov roj (cholesterol) vs cov roj (cholesterol) Ester
Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov sterol hauv cov tsiaj. Nws muaj ob qho tib si cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ua si hauv lub cellular system. Thiab tseem muaj cov roj cholesterol yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) thiab Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Yog li ntawd, nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv plawv plawv. Cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov cholesterol esters yog ob hom uas muaj cov roj cholesterol nyob hauv tus tsiaj. Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho sterol uas muaj plaub-ntiv nplhaib qauv nrog ib pawg hydroxyl txuas rau ib lub nplhaib. Nws yog cov active, raw daim ntawv ntawm cov cholesterol. Cholesterol Ester yog daim ntawv tsis muaj zog uas cov roj cholesterol yog esterified nrog fatty acids thiaj li yuav raug thauj mus rau lub cev. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov roj (cholesterol) esters yog cov active thiab inactive cov ntaub ntawv. Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib daim ntawv sterol nquag thaum cov roj (cholesterol) ester yog ib daim ntawv tsis muaj zog esterified uas cov roj cholesterol tau thauj mus rau hauv lub cev.
Cov roj (cholesterol) yog dab tsi?
Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib hom sterol uas tuaj yeem ua ke hauv cov tsiaj cov kab mob siab nrog kev pab ntawm cov enzyme tseem ceeb HMG CoA reductase lossis 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase. Cov roj (cholesterol) tseem tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev noj zaub mov los ntawm cov khoom noj tsiaj. Yog li muaj ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas tus tsiaj lub cev txaus siab rau nws qhov kev xav tau rau cov roj cholesterol. Cov mis molecular ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) yog C27H45OH. Cov qauv ntawm cov roj cholesterol muaj peb cheeb tsam loj; hydrocarbon saw, lub nplhaib qauv nrog plaub lub nplhaib thiab cov yam ntxwv hydroxyl pawg. Vim muaj cov pab pawg hydrophilic hydroxyl thiab hydrophobic hydrocarbon cheeb tsam cov roj cholesterol yog hu ua amphipatic molecule. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab tsim cov qauv micelle.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv ntawm cov roj cholesterol
Cov roj (cholesterol) ua raws li cov txheej txheem hauv cov plasma membranes. Cov roj (cholesterol) kuj tseem ua rau cov kua dej ntawm daim nyias nyias. Ntxiv mus, cov roj (cholesterol) yog qhov ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj steroids uas suav nrog testosterone thiab estrogen. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) tau muab faib ua ob hom tseem ceeb; Cov roj (cholesterol) siab los yog HDL Cholesterol thiab Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol lossis LDL Cholesterol. Cov lipoproteins no ua rau cov roj cholesterol. LDLs nqa cov roj cholesterol tawm ntawm daim siab thiab tso rau hauv qhov chaw. HDL nqa cov roj cholesterol mus rau hauv lub siab. Ob hom no tseem ceeb heev rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub plawv. Nws tau pom tias LDL cov roj (cholesterol) yog cov roj (cholesterol) phem uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv. Hauv qhov sib piv, HDL Cholesterol yog hu ua cov roj cholesterol zoo vim nws txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv.
Cov roj (cholesterol) Ester yog dab tsi?
Cov roj (cholesterol) ester yog daim ntawv tsis muaj roj cholesterol. Cholesterol Esters yog tsim thaum cov roj cholesterol yog esterified nrog fatty acids. Qhov no yog kiag li hydrophobic. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov cov roj (cholesterol) mus rau cov roj (cholesterol) esters yog los pab txhawb kev thauj mus los ntawm cov cholesterol. Qhov kev hloov pauv no nce cov roj cholesterol uas tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv cov lipoprotein sab hauv, ua kom yooj yim dua kev thauj mus los ntawm cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav. Cov roj cholesterol tsuas yog khi rau sab nrauv ntawm lipoprotein. Yog li ntawd, cov roj (cholesterol) tsawg tuaj yeem nqa mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
Daim duab 02: Cov roj (cholesterol) Esters
Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov roj cholesterol mus rau cov roj cholesterol yog cov txheej txheem enzyme-mediated. Muaj ob lub ntsiab enzymes koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem no. Hom enzyme nyob ntawm qhov chaw uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv esterification tshwm sim. Hauv cov ntaub so ntswg peripheral, cov txheej txheem esterification yog ua los ntawm lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). Cov fatty acid moiety siv nyob rau hauv esterification cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog pub los ntawm substrate phosphatidyl choline. Hauv plab hnyuv lumen, enzyme acyl-coenzyme A (CoA): cholesterol acyltransferases (ACATs) yog siv. Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm ACATs. ACAT 1 muaj nyob hauv txhua cov ntaub so ntswg thaum ACAT 2 pom tshwj xeeb hauv daim siab thiab lub plab hnyuv lumen. ACAT siv acyl CoA rau cov txheej txheem esterification.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov roj (cholesterol) Ester?
- Ob leeg muaj plaub-ringed hydrocarbon qauv.
- Ob leeg tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv lipoproteins.
- Ob leeg ua lub luag haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv plawv plawv thiab kab mob plawv.
Qhov txawv ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov roj (cholesterol) Ester yog dab tsi?
| Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho sib xyaw ntawm cov sterol uas pom muaj nyob hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg hauv lub cev. | Cholesteryl Ester yog ib qho derivative ntawm cov roj cholesterol nyob rau hauv uas ib daim ntawv cog lus ester yog tsim los ntawm pawg carboxylate ntawm fatty acid thiab pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov cholesterol. |
| qauv | |
| Cov roj (cholesterol) muaj cov qauv sterol nrog pawg hydroxyl. | Cholesteryl Ester muaj cov qauv esterified nrog cov pab pawg tsis muaj polar. |
| Polarity | |
| Cov roj (cholesterol) yog ib qho amphipathic molecule. | Cholesteryl Ester yog hydrophobic thiab tsis muaj polar molecule. |
| Cov roj (cholesterol) yog sparsely soluble hauv dej. | Cholesteryl Ester yog insoluble hauv dej. |
| Form | |
| Cov roj (cholesterol) yog daim ntawv nyoos ua haujlwm. | Cholesteryl Ester yog daim ntawv tsis muaj zog. |
Summary – Cov roj (cholesterol) vs cov roj (cholesterol) Ester
Cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov roj (cholesterol) esters yog ob hom roj cholesterol hauv lub cev. Cov roj (cholesterol) yog daim ntawv nyoos uas yog tsim los ntawm cov qauv sterol. Txhawm rau pab txhawb kev ntim khoom thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov roj cholesterol, nws hloov mus rau cov roj cholesterol los ntawm ob lub ntsiab enzymes, LCAT thiab ACAT. Yog li cov roj (cholesterol) ester yog muab los ntawm cov cholesterol. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm cov roj (cholesterol) thiab cov cholesterol ester.
Download PDF Version of Cholesterol vs Cholesteryl Ester
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