paired electrons nyob rau hauv ib lub atom tshwm sim ua khub nyob rau hauv lub orbital tab sis, unpaired electrons tsis tshwm sim raws li electron khub los yog khub niam txiv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ke ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob ua rau paramagnetism lossis ferromagnetism hauv atoms.
Electrons yog subatomic hais nyob rau hauv atoms. Txhua lub atom muaj tsawg kawg yog ib lub electron. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab lub xeev ntawm ib tug atom, tus naj npawb ntawm electrons sib npaug ntawm cov protons nyob rau hauv lub atomic nucleus. Tab sis thaum nws muaj tus nqi hluav taws xob, cov lej no tsis sib npaug (uas ua rau tus nqi hluav taws xob). Peb tuaj yeem sau cov qauv hluav taws xob rau ib qho atom; nws muab cov kev npaj ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv sib txawv zog theem. Qhov kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob no qhia txog cov ua khub thiab tsis muaj cov hluav taws xob nyob hauv ib lub atom. tam sim no cia peb tham txog ob daim ntawv no yog dab tsi.
Dab tsi yog Paired Electrons?
Paired electrons yog cov electrons nyob rau hauv ib lub atom uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub orbital ua khub. Lub orbital yog qhov chaw ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob hauv ib qho atom; es tsis yog ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb, nws muab cov cheeb tsam uas ib qho hluav taws xob txav ib ncig ntawm lub atom vim tias cov hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv tas li txav nyob ib ncig ntawm lub atomic nucleus. Raws li cov kev xav niaj hnub no, cov electrons muaj nyob hauv orbitals. Ib qho yooj yim tshaj plaws orbital tuaj yeem tuav qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub electrons. Thaum muaj ob lub electrons nyob rau hauv ib lub orbital, peb hais tias muaj ib khub ntawm electrons. Cov no yog cov khub electron hauv ib lub atom. Qee cov ntsiab lus tshuaj muaj tag nrho lawv cov electrons ua ke, ruaj khov heev. Tab sis ib txhia yog reactive. Lub stability nyob ntawm lub electron configuration ntawm lub atom.
Daim duab 01: Kev Npaj ntawm Electrons hauv Orbitals ntawm Nitrogen Atom
Ntxiv mus, yog tias peb xav txog cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, tuaj yeem muaj peb hom hlau nplaum loj xws li diamagnetic, paramagnetic thiab ferromagnetic. Qhov kev sib nqus no feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis sib xws. Yog li ntawd, cov khub electrons tsis muaj kev koom tes rau cov hlau nplaum. Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem muab cov npe tshuaj uas muaj tag nrho lawv cov electrons ua ke ua cov tshuaj diamagnetic; diamagnetism txhais tau tias nws tsis nyiam mus rau ib qho chaw sib nqus.
Dab tsi yog Unpaired Electrons?
Unpaired electrons yog cov electrons nyob rau hauv ib lub atom uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug orbital ib leeg. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov electrons no tsis yog khub los yog tshwm sim raws li ob peb electron. Peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab yooj yim yog tias muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws hauv ib lub atom los ntawm kev sau nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Cov atoms uas muaj cov electrons no qhia paramagnetic zog los yog ferromagnetic zog.
Paramagnetic cov ntaub ntawv muaj ob peb yam tsis muaj electrons thaum ferromagnetic cov ntaub ntawv muaj ntau dua unpaired electrons; Yog li, cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic nyiam mus rau qhov chaw sib nqus ntawm qhov siab dua li ntawm cov khoom siv paramagnetic. Thaum lub atom los yog ib lub molecule muaj hom electron, peb hu nws dawb radical. Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov electrons no muaj zog heev. Qhov no yog vim lawv nyiam ua khub tag nrho lawv cov electrons kom ruaj khov; muaj ib qho tsis sib xws electron tsis ruaj khov.
Qhov txawv ntawm Paired thiab Unpaired Electrons yog dab tsi?
paired electrons yog cov electrons nyob rau hauv ib lub atom uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub orbital li khub whereas unpaired electrons yog cov electrons nyob rau hauv ib tug atom uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug orbital ib leeg. Yog li ntawd, paired electrons ib txwm tshwm sim raws li ob peb electrons thaum unpaired electrons tshwm sim raws li ib tug electrons nyob rau hauv orbital. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua khub thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ke ua rau cov diamagnetism ntawm atoms thaum cov hluav taws xob tsis sib xws ua rau paramagnetism lossis ferromagnetism hauv atoms. Peb tuaj yeem hais qhov no raws li qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua khub thiab tsis ua khub electrons.
Summary – Paired vs Unpaired Electrons
Electrons tshwm sim hauv atomic orbitals. Lawv nyob hauv kev ywj pheej nyob ib ncig ntawm lub atomic nucleus. Cov electrons no tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob hom ua khub los yog tsis sib xws. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ke ua rau lub diamagnetism ntawm atoms whereas unpaired electrons ua rau paramagnetism lossis ferromagnetism hauv atoms.
