Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm carbonium ion thiab carbanion yog cov pa roj carbon atom hauv carbonium ion yog pentavalent thaum nyob hauv carbanion nws yog trivalent.
Carbonium ion thiab carbanion yog cov ntaub ntawv ionic ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas tau them cov pa roj carbon atoms. Txawm li cas los xij, ob lub ions sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li tus nqi, qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom, cov ntawv cog lus tshuaj, thiab lwm yam.
Carbonium Ion yog dab tsi?
Carbonium ion yog ib qho cation uas muaj pentavalent carbon atom. Tus nqi ntawm cov ion yog +1, thiab kev sib xyaw ntawm carbon thiab hydrogen atoms nyob rau hauv lub compound tuaj yeem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, qhov yooj yim carbonium ion yog methanium ion (CH 5 +), uas muaj cov pa roj carbon atom nrog +1 nqi thiab tsib hydrogen atoms. Ntxiv mus, cov pa roj carbon atom tau txais +1 nqi vim tias muaj tsib C-H daim ntawv cog lus.
Daim duab 01: Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws Caronium Ion - Methonium Ion
Cov carbonium ion muaj cov duab geometry. Peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov ions no los ntawm kev kho alkanes nrog cov kua qaub uas muaj zog heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv kev lag luam nplai, cov carbonium ions raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm refining roj av nyob rau hauv thawj thermal cracking kauj ruam.
Carbanion yog dab tsi?
Carbanion yog ib qho anion uas muaj cov pa roj carbon trivalent. Tus nqi ntawm no ion yog -1. Nws muaj ib tug carbon atom muaj peb covalent bonds nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Qee zaum, tsis muaj nqi ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis muaj tus nqi tsis zoo nyob rau hauv tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm nws cov qauv resonance. Peb categorize xws li hom tshuaj raws li ib tug carbanion.
Daim duab 2: Carbanions
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub geometry ntawm cov anions tuaj yeem yog trigonal pyramidal, khoov lossis linear, nyob ntawm cov pab pawg hloov pauv nyob ib puag ncig carbon atom. Feem ntau, carbanions yog qhov yooj yim thiab nucleophilic.
Qhov txawv ntawm Carbonium Ion thiab Carbanion yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm carbonium ion thiab carbanion yog tias cov pa roj carbon atom hauv carbonium ion yog pentavalent thaum nyob hauv carbanion nws yog trivalent. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm carbonium ion thiab carbanion yog lawv cov geometry. Lub geometry nyob ib ncig ntawm no caron atom nyob rau hauv carbonium ion yog planar. Tab sis, hauv carbanion, geometry tuaj yeem yog trigonal pyramidal, khoov lossis linear nyob ntawm qhov hloov pauv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi ntawm carbonium ion yog +1 thaum nyob hauv carbanion nws yog -1. Tsis tas li, muaj tsib daim ntawv cog lus nyob ib puag ncig carbon atom hauv carbonium ion thaum nyob hauv carbanion muaj peb covalent bonds.
Summary – Carbonium Ion vs Carbanion
Zuag qhia tag nrho, carbonium ion thiab carbanion yog them cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov pa roj carbon atoms nrog ntau qhov sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm carbonium ion thiab carbanion yog tias cov pa roj carbon atom hauv carbonium ion yog pentavalent thaum nyob hauv carbanion nws yog trivalent.
