Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog cov ntshav cov ntshav uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kab mob los yog tshuaj lom, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho immunoglobulin protein uas txheeb xyuas thiab khi nrog txawv teb chaws antigens uas nkag mus rau hauv peb. ntshav.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov kab mob txawv teb chaws xws li kab mob, kab mob, co toxins, fungal spores, thiab lwm yam. thiab tiv thaiv peb los ntawm kev ua kom tsis zoo rau lawv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog Y zoo li cov proteins thiab immunoglobulins tsim los ntawm plasma hlwb. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav cov ntshav thiab lwm yam dej hauv lub cev. Antiserum yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas nplua nuj nyob hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm tus tsiaj los yog ib tus neeg. Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb muaj cov concentration ntau dua ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb preformed. Yog li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Y Antiserum yog dab tsi?
Antiserum yog ntshav cov ntshav uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, antiserum muaj ib tug ntau dua concentration ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb antibody tsim tawm tsam ib qho antigen.
Daim duab 01: Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau txhaj cov tsiaj lossis ib tus neeg uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Thaum txhaj tshuaj, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tshwm sim tawm tsam qhov tshwj xeeb antigen hauv tus tsiaj. Tom qab ntawd, ntshav cov ntshav tuaj yeem muab rho tawm thiab ua kom muaj zog. Peb feem ntau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv kab mob xws li Ebola, diphtheria thiab tetanus, thiab lwm yam.
Antibody yog dab tsi?
Antibodies yog immunoglobulin proteins uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv muaj 'Y' zoo li tus qauv. Lawv txheeb xyuas cov khoom txawv teb chaws, uas yog antigens. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuaj pom muaj cov kab mob pathogenic thiab ua tiav tshem tawm lawv yam tsis pub cov kab mob ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus tswv tsev. Antibodies muaj tsib yam sib txawv: IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, thiab IgE. Ntxiv mus, raws li hom kev khi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj), cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv thawj zaug thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thib ob. Thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm khi nrog cov antigen ncaj qha thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thib ob tsis khi rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ncaj qha, tab sis tsim kev sib cuam tshuam los ntawm kev khi rau thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Daim duab 02: Antibody
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj ib feem hu ua paratope (antigen-binding site tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub ntsis ntawm tus 'Y' zoo li tus qauv) los txheeb xyuas thiab khi nrog cov qauv ntxiv ntawm cov antigen, uas yog cov epitope. Paratope thiab epitope ua haujlwm li 'lock' thiab 'key', feem. Nws tso cai rau kev khi kom zoo ntawm cov antigen nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov nyhuv ntawm antigen yog ncaj qha proportional rau hom antigen. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv khi nrog antigen, nws ua rau lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li kev ua ntawm macrophages los rhuav tshem cov kab mob txawv teb chaws. Rau kev ua kom muaj zog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov khoom ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm cheeb tsam Fc tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm 'Y' zoo li tus qauv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Antiserum thiab Antibody?
- Antiserum muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua.
- Ob qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob muab kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Antiserum thiab Antibody yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov ntshav ntshav peb tau txais los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob immunoglobulin uas kuaj pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab pab tiv thaiv lawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tshuaj tua kab mob muaj dej, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, yaj solutes, thiab lwm yam, thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov protein molecule. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm antiserum thiab antibody.
Summary – Antiserum vs Antibody
Antiserum yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau txais los ntawm tus tswv tsev txhaj tshuaj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog Y zoo li cov protein uas kuaj pom muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws thiab pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau lawv. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm antiserum thiab antibody. Antiserum yog cov ntshav siv hauv kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntau yam.
