Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev thiab kev hloov pauv yog qhov kev tiv thaiv hauv lub cev yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ceev uas muab thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thaum hloov kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qeeb los ntawm T thiab B lymphocytes.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog tiv thaiv tus tswv ntawm cov kab mob thiab co toxins. Cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem nyob ua ib lub hlwb, tsis yog tsim rau hauv lub cev. Cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob no muaj thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlwb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm hauv kev sib koom tes kom ua tiav lawv txoj haujlwm rau lub cev. Lub cim tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog tias nws tuaj yeem paub txog nws tus kheej molecules los ntawm txawv teb chaws molecules. Feem ntau, kev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj ntau theem tseem ceeb: kev paub txog kab mob, kev ua kom muaj zog thiab pib, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev tsim cov cim xeeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob vertebrate muaj ob ceg; innate thiab adaptive tiv thaiv. Txawm hais tias cov kev tiv thaiv no muaj lub luag haujlwm sib txawv, lawv feem ntau ua ke hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob Innate yog dab tsi?
Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev, tseem hu ua lub cev tsis muaj zog, yog ib feem ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas muab thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov molecules thiab receptors ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muab ntau yam kev tiv thaiv. Qhov tseeb, nws yog lub ntuj tiv thaiv ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu. Nws tsim cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm cov molecules uas tuaj yeem paub txog txhua yam kab mob nkag mus.
Daim duab 01: Innate Immune Cells
Yeej, thawj cov lus teb qeeb thiab tshwj xeeb heev rau cov kab mob nkag mus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus teb rau qhov kev tawm tsam thib ob yog qhov nrawm dua, thiab nws yog lub hauv paus rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev muaj xws li cov hlwb sib txawv xws li eosinophils, monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, tor-like receptors (TLRs), thiab cov kev sib kho soluble xws li kev ua kom tiav.
Adaptive Immunity yog dab tsi?
Txhim kho lossis lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb feem ntau tawm tsam cov neeg tawm tsam tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj cov hlwb tshwj xeeb hu ua thymus-derived T lymphocyte cells thiab pob txha pob txha-derived B lymphocyte hlwb. Cov hlwb no muaj peev xwm paub txog cov kab mob txawv teb chaws txawv teb chaws hauv txoj hauv kev zoo heev thiab muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kom nws tso cai rau pom cov kab mob uas tau ntsib ua ntej.
Daim duab 02: Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv
Muaj ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob: kev tiv thaiv kab mob humoral thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tes. Antibody molecules secreted los ntawm B lymphocyte, uas muaj peev xwm neutralize cov kab mob sab nraum lub hlwb, kho cov humoral tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum T lymphocyte, uas yuav tshem tawm cov kab mob hlwb thiab muab kev pab rau lwm yam kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kho cov cellular tiv thaiv.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Innate thiab Adaptive Immunity?
- Kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev yog ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lub cev.
- Ob lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv peb lub cev.
Qhov txawv ntawm Innate thiab Adaptive Immunity yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob sai uas muab thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thaum hloov kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob qeeb los ntawm T thiab B lymphocytes. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev yog tshwm sim thaum yug los, thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob txhim kho tom qab kis tau tus kab mob antigen.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv hauv lub cev tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab ua rau ntau yam kab mob, thaum kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lawv cov khoom. Innate kev tiv thaiv muaj xws li lub cev thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv, phagocytic leukocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, thiab plasma proteins thaum adaptive immunity muaj T thiab B lymphocytes.
Ntxiv mus, cov lus teb ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv lub cev yog nrawm, thaum cov lus teb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob qeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm innate thiab adaptive immunity yog tias innate tiv thaiv tsis muaj peev xwm los tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb.
Summary – Innate vs Adaptive Immunity
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog ob hom kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm hauv peb lub cev. Innate immunity muab thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev kis tus kab mob tsis yog tshwj xeeb. Txawm hais tias innate tiv thaiv tsis yog tshwj xeeb, nws yog ceev heev. Piv txwv li, adaptive immunity muab kev tiv thaiv qeeb thiab tshwj xeeb. Nws yog qhib tom qab raug rau ib qho antigen. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv kab mob yoog tau tuaj yeem tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv antigens. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
