Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR-T nyob ntawm kev lees paub ntawm antigens. CAR-T yog ib hom kev kho mob uas paub txog peptide antigens ntawm cov hlwb los pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thaum TCR-T yog ib hom kev kho mob uas paub txog MHC cov molecules los pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Immunotherapy yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj mob. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siv los kho ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav, xws li leukemia. CAR-T stands rau chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy thaum TCR-T stands rau T cell receptor therapy. Lawv yog ob txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntsig txog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Ob leeg CAR-T thiab TCR-T tso siab rau txoj kev xav ntawm antigen khi rau T hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txawv ntawm lawv qhov kev lees paub thiab kev ua haujlwm.
CAR-T yog dab tsi?
CAR-T, uas sawv cev rau Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell therapy, yog hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siv los tiv thaiv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer lossis tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Lawv kuj hais txog cov tshuaj muaj sia nyob hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Lub hauv paus ntawm CAR-T yog T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes yog ib hom kab mob loj tshaj plaws uas muaj cov cytotoxicity thiab tua cov hlwb. Yog li ntawd, lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. CAR-T suav nrog kev tsim cov noob caj noob ces ntawm lub ntuj T hlwb. Nws yuav ua rau tsim cov receptors ntawm T cell; Cov receptors no hu ua chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). Cov receptors no yog hluavtaws. Lawv cov khoom tsim tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv vitro.
Daim duab 01: CAR-T Therapy
Tom qab tsim cov tsheb tsim kho caj ces, CARs tau muab tso rau hauv T hlwb. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv. Tom qab ntawd cov CARs-bound T hlwb yuav raug kev loj hlob ntawm tes. Kev loj hlob tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv kev ua tiav T cells tiav. Thaum cov noob caj noob ces hloov pauv, lawv tau npaj los siv rau hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv leukemia. Thaum CAR-T hlwb nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, lawv yuav paub txog cov antigens ntawm cov qog hlwb, thiab lawv yuav tsom mus rau cov hlwb uas yuav tsum tau rhuav tshem los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Txawm li cas los xij, CAR-T hom kev kho mob kuj tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. Nws yog ib qho tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev kho no.
TCR-T yog dab tsi?
T lymphocytes yog cov hlwb tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav, ua rau cytotoxic tua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. T cell receptors paub txog cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm T cell Receptor therapy los yog TCR-T, kev hloov kho ntawm lub ntuj T cell receptors yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav paub lub MHC molecules khi rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Yog li, TCR tuaj yeem paub txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev thiab. Tsis tas li, nws ua rau TCR-T kev kho mob tshwj xeeb tshaj li kev kho CAR-T.
Daim duab 02: TCR Complex
Ntxiv mus, vim qhov kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb ntawm T cell receptor, T hlwb tau paub meej dua. Yog li, nws txhim kho qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm TCR-T rau cov hlwb tsis zoo. Cov kev sib raug zoo siab TCRs no tuaj yeem koom ua ke rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv no ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob tseem nyob hauv theem ntawm kev sim tshuaj.
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR-T yog dab tsi?
- CAR-T thiab TCR-T yog hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ob txheej txheem cia siab rau kev lees paub antigen.
- Tsis tas li, ob daim ntawv kho mob muaj peev xwm tso tawm cytokines teb rau kev lees paub.
- Ntxiv mus, lawv tau siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav.
Qhov txawv ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR - T yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR-T yog nyob ntawm hom kev hloov kho ntawm cov receptors txhawm rau paub txog lub xov tooj txawv teb chaws. Yog li, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, CAR-T yuav txheeb xyuas cov antigens saum npoo thiab pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum TCR-T yuav txheeb xyuas MHC cov hlwb los pib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR-T yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Qhov ntawd yog; qhov tshwj xeeb yog siab dua hauv TCR-T piv rau CAR-T. Dhau li ntawm tag nrho, tsuas yog CAR-T nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho, qhov TCR-T tseem nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sim tshuaj.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no nthuav qhia ntau ntxiv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR-T.
Summary – CAR-T vs TCR – T
Immunotherapy yog ib qho kev kho mob yav tom ntej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho mob qog noj ntshav. Ob hom kev tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua CAR-T thiab TCR-T tso siab rau T cell ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Chimeric antigen receptors khi rau T hlwb tuaj yeem paub cov antigens saum npoo los yog tawg ntawm antigens. Tom qab kev lees paub, lawv tso cov teeb liab cascades los rhuav tshem cov hlwb. Hauv qhov sib piv, hloov T cell receptors tshwj xeeb khi rau cov qog nqaij hlav cancer uas nthuav tawm nrog MHC molecules tsim lub hauv paus ntawm TCR-T. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm CAR-T thiab TCR-T.
