Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CAR-T thiab CRISPR yog CAR-T yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsim los kho cov kab mob hematological malignancies siv tus neeg mob lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum CRISPR yog cov cuab yeej hloov kho noob tsis ntev los no tau hloov kho los ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog. hauv kab mob.
mob qog noj ntshav yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tes tsis zoo, thiab nws yog ib qho ua rau tuag thoob ntiaj teb. Muaj ntau hom mob qog noj ntshav. Ntshav qog noj ntshav lossis mob qog noj ntshav yog ib qho mob qog noj ntshav, uas nyuaj heev los kho thiab kho.
CAR-T cell therapy yog ib txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tuaj yeem kho cov qog ntshav ntshav. Feem ntau, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer muaj antigens. Hauv CAR-T cell kho, T hlwb tau hloov kho los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob chimeric ntawm lawv qhov chaw, uas tuaj yeem paub txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer thiab tawm tsam. CRISPR yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob ib txwm tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lwm yam kab mob. Nws muaj ob hom RNA thiab Cas proteins. CAR-T thiab CRISPR tuaj yeem ua ke ua ke txhawm rau txhawm rau kov yeej cov kev sib tw hauv CAR-T cell kho thaum tsom rau cov qog nqaij hlav xwb.
CAR-T yog dab tsi?
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells therapy yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsim los kho cov mob haematological malignancies xws li ntshav qog noj ntshav. Cov tswv yim no siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm T hlwb. Nws yog ua los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm T hlwb siv cov txheej txheem genetic engineering. Yog li, CAR-T ua haujlwm tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav los ntawm kev siv tus neeg mob tus kheej T hlwb.
T hlwb yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm ntawm tus neeg mob cov ntshav ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd, T hlwb yuav tsum tau tsim cov noob caj noob ces, qhia cov noob tshiab los tsim cov receptors ntawm lawv lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Cov receptors no hu ua chimeric antigen receptors lossis CARs, thiab lawv yog tib neeg tsim. Thaum lawv tsim, cov receptors no muaj peev xwm paub txog thiab tua cov antigens (cov proteins tshwj xeeb) ntawm cov qog hlwb. Genetically engineered T hlwb phiaj thiab tua cov qog nqaij hlav tshwj xeeb. Ntau npaum li cas ntawm CRA-T hlwb yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub lab thiab muab rau tus neeg mob raws li ib tug infusion. Feem ntau, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer muaj antigens. Peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj receptors kom paub txog lawv. Li no, CAR-T txoj kev kho yog ib lub tshuab tshiab rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
Daim duab 01: CAR-T
Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog qhov kev cog lus kho mob hauv kev kho mob hematological thiab mob malignancies. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo ib yam li lwm yam kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, CAR-T kuj qhia txog kev phiv sib txawv. Qee qhov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm CAR-T yog cytokine release syndrome (CRS), tso tawm loj heev ntawm cytokines rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ua rau kub taub hau thiab poob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, B-cell aplasia thiab o hauv hlwb, los yog cerebral edema.
CRISPR yog dab tsi?
Clustered tsis tu ncua interspaced luv palindromic repeats lossis CRISPR yog ib qho kev hloov kho noob tau zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua kev hloov kho caj ces hauv genomes. Nws yog ib qho cuab yeej kho noob tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb hauv khob tawm lossis khob hauv cov noob hauv cov tsiaj txhu genome.
CRISPR ib ntus yog muab los ntawm DNA ntawm tus kab mob bacteriophage uas tau tawm tsam cov kab mob yav dhau los. Cov kab ke no yog siv los ua kev nco qab los kuaj xyuas thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob DNA hauv cov kab mob tom ntej. CRISPR/Cas9 yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv ib txwm tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob thiab archaea tiv thaiv kab mob. Muaj ob hom RNAs (crRNA thiab tracrRNA) nyob rau hauv CRISPR, thiab muaj CRISPR txuam nrog proteins (Cas proteins). Thaum coj los ntawm RNA, Cas9 cov protein tuaj yeem tsim ob-strand so hauv lub hom phiaj ua ntu zus cuam tshuam cov kab mob DNA los ntawm kev qhia txog kev hloov pauv los ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm lub cev kho lub cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke uas tsis yog homologous kawg.
Daim duab 02: CRISPR
Cov txheej txheem no yog siv rau hauv kev kho genomic hauv tib neeg lub hlwb txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau cov noob paj. Nws tau lees paub tias yog qhov yooj yim, siv tau yooj yim, nrawm dua, pheej yig dua thiab cov cuab yeej hloov kho noob tau zoo tshaj plaws. Xyoo 2020, Nobel nqi zog tau muab rau qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm CRISPR / Cas9 genome kho qhov system.
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm CAR-T thiab CRISPR yog dab tsi?
- CAR-T thiab CRISPR tuaj yeem ua ke ua ke txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav tawm cov peev txheej kho mob ntawm CAR T cell therapy.
- Ob lub CAR-T thiab CRISPR siv cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho caj ces.
Qhov txawv ntawm CAR-T thiab CRISPR yog dab tsi?
CAR-T yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsim los kho cov kab mob hematological malignancies, thaum CRISPR yog cov cuab yeej kho cov noob tshiab. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CAR-T thiab CRISPR. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv CAR-T cell kho, T hlwb tau tsim kho caj ces los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob chimeric ntawm lawv lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv CRISPR, RNAs qhia Cas cov protein kom tshem tawm cov kab mob DNA txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau kis kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, CAR-T feem ntau yog siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav thaum CRISPR yog siv los kho cov noob.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm CAR-T thiab CRISPR hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – CAR-T vs CRISPR
Hauv CAR-T cell kho, T hlwb raug tsim los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (CARs) kom paub txog thiab tua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. CAR-T cell therapy yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsim los kho mob qog noj ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qog ntshav ntshav. CRISPR yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob uas pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob thiab archaea tiv thaiv kab mob. CRISPR yog siv los ua cov cuab yeej hloov kho noob caj noob ces txhawm rau ua kev hloov kho caj ces los kho qee yam kab mob. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm CAR-T thiab CRISPR.
