Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis yog mitosis tsim ob tus ntxhais cell uas zoo ib yam li niam txiv cell thaum meiosis tsim plaub tus ntxhais hlwb uas muaj ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm niam txiv cell.
Cells faib thiab ua cov ntawv luam, pab txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, kho cov ntaub so ntswg, tsim gamete, thiab lwm yam, hauv ntau cov kab mob. Muaj ob txoj kev faib cell loj xws li mitosis thiab meiosis. Thaum lub sij hawm mitosis, ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes duplicates nws cov genome thiab cov ntsiab lus thiab tsim ob lub noob caj noob ces zoo tib yam tus ntxhais. Lub caij no, meiosis nqa tawm qhov tsim ntawm plaub tus ntxhais haploid hlwb uas muaj ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm ob txoj kev loj meiosis I thiab meiosis II. Ntxiv mus, mitosis tseem ceeb tsim cov hlwb tshiab thaum meiosis tsim gametes.
Mitosis yog dab tsi?
Mitosis yog kev faib tawm ntawm tes uas tsim ob lub cell uas zoo ib yam rau niam txiv cell. Rau cov niam txiv haploid cell, cov ntxhais hlwb yuav haploid. Ib yam li ntawd, nws tsim ob lub diploid tus ntxhais cell los ntawm diploid niam txiv cell. Mitosis ua rau cov kab mob ntau yam kab mob loj hlob thiab kho cov ntaub so ntswg puas. Mitotic cell division muaj ntau theem xws li interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, thiab telophase. Interphase yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv uas DNA replicates thaum lub sij hawm S theem ntawm interphase. Tom qab telophase, lub cev tau muab faib ua ob lub hlwb. Thiab, qhov no yog txheej txheem hu ua cytokinesis.
Daim duab 01: Mitosis
Mitosis tseem muaj txiaj ntsig hauv kev yug menyuam thiab kev loj hlob. Nws tseem yog hu ua 'somatic cell division' txij li thaum nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv vegetative hlwb. Mitosis tsis tsim kev hloov pauv hauv ntau tiam neeg. Yog li ntawd, nws yog zoo tagnrho rau cloning technology. Ntxiv mus, mitosis yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev kawm txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm phylogenetic vim qhov nyuaj tsis tso cai rau nws los ntawm ntau yam endosymbioses. Tej zaum ib qho thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm mitosis yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj tsis tau ntawm tes faib ua cov qog lossis cov nqaij mos.
Meiosis yog dab tsi?
Meiosis yog ib hom kev faib tawm ntawm tes uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib deev. Nws koom nrog kev tsim cov haploid gametes uas tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke thiab tsim cov diploid zygote. Txij li thaum gametes yog haploid, fusion ntawm gametes yog ua tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, genetic recombination tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm meiotic cell division; yog li ntawd, nws tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntawm caj ces los ua tswvcuab hauv tiam neeg.
Daim duab 02: Meiosis
Meiosis koom nrog ob lub cell faib ua rau tsim plaub haploid gametes. Ob lub cell faib yog meiosis I thiab meiosis II. Meiosis I muaj subphases li prophase I, metaphase II, anaphase I thiab telophase I. Ib yam li ntawd, meiosis II muaj plaub subphase: prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II thiab telophase II. Tsis tas li ntawd, meiosis II zoo ib yam li mitosis. Thaum kawg ntawm meiosis, plaub tus ntxhais cell yog tsim los ntawm ib tug niam txiv cell. Cov ntxhais cov hlwb no tsis yog genetic tib yam.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Mitosis thiab Meiosis?
- Mitosis thiab meiosis yog ob hom kev faib cell.
- Ob leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov kab mob nyob.
- Lawv tsim cov hlwb los ntawm niam txiv hlwb.
- Yog li, ob txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim tawm.
Qhov txawv ntawm Mitosis thiab Meiosis yog dab tsi?
Mitosis tsim ob tus ntxhais cell los ntawm niam txiv cell, thiab cov hlwb zoo ib yam li niam txiv cell. Txawm li cas los xij, meiosis tsim plaub lub hlwb los ntawm niam txiv cell, thiab cov hlwb tsis zoo ib yam, thiab lawv muaj ib nrab ntawm cov chromosomes ntawm niam txiv cell. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis yog tias mitosis tsuas muaj ib qho kev faib tawm ntawm tes thaum meiosis muaj ob txoj kev faib cell sib law liag.
Ntxiv mus, mitosis yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob, thiab kho cov ntaub so ntswg hauv cov kab mob ntau lub cev thaum meiosis tseem ceeb rau gamete tsim thiab tsim kev sib txawv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, genetic recombination tshwm sim nyob rau hauv meiosis vim hla hla thaum hla tsis tshwm sim thaum mitosis. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis.
Hauv qab infographic muab cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis.
Summary – Mitosis vs Meiosis
Meiosis thiab mitosis yog ob txoj kev faib cell, uas muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm sib txawv. Mitosis tsim cov noob qes zoo tib yam los ntawm niam txiv lub hlwb thaum meiosis tsim cov menyuam ntxhais uas muaj ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm niam txiv cell. Yog li, mitosis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob thiab kho mob thaum meiosis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib deev. Tsis tas li ntawd, meiosis pab txhawb kev sib txawv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces ntawm gametes thiab cov xeeb ntxwv. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm mitosis thiab meiosis.
