Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endocytosis thiab exocytosis yog qhov endocytosis coj cov tshuaj mus rau hauv lub cell thaum exocytosis thauj cov tshuaj mus rau sab nraud ntawm tes.
Ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes muaj lub cell membrane uas ua haujlwm ntawm lub cell sab hauv thiab ib puag ncig sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, muaj xws li daim nyias nyias, cov hlwb xav tau qee yam kev thauj mus los rau kev sib txuas nrog ib puag ncig sab nraud. Piv txwv li, cov cell yuav tsum tau txais cov as-ham thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab los ntawm lub cell. Rau lub hom phiaj no, lub hlwb muaj plaub lub hauv paus txheej txheem ntawm kev thauj mus los: diffusion, osmosis, nquag thauj, thiab thauj ntau. Diffusion thiab osmosis yog cov txheej txheem passive thaum kev thauj mus los thiab kev thauj khoom ntau yog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm uas siv lub zog. Endocytosis thiab exocytosis yog ob hom kev thauj mus los loj, uas thauj cov khoom loj los ntawm cov plasma membrane, los ntawm lub xovtooj mus rau sab nraud ib puag ncig lossis los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud mus rau lub cell. Ob lub tshuab no tsim cov hlwv daim nyias nyias raws li kev thauj mus los.
YEndocytosis yog dab tsi?
Endocytosis yog kev thauj mus los ntawm macromolecules, cov khoom loj, thiab cov khoom polar uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cell los ntawm cov ntawv tsis-polar. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv lub cell yog surrounded los ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub plasma membrane, uas ces buds tawm hauv lub cell los tsim ib tug vesicle uas muaj cov khoom noj. Tom qab ntawd, lub vesicle nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm nrog cov khoom. Tom qab nws nkag mus rau hauv lub cytoplasm, lub vesicle no khi nrog lwm cov membrane-bound organelle xws li vacuole los yog Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER).
Daim duab 01: Endocytosis
Muaj plaub hom endocytosis li clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolae, macropinocytosis, thiab phagocytosis. Endocytosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab transduction, nyob rau hauv neural muaj nuj nqi, thiab nyob rau hauv pathological tej yam kev mob. Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntau dua li cov tsiaj hlwb, vim tias lawv muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm tes npog lub cell membrane.
YExocytosis yog dab tsi?
Qhov ntxeev ntawm cov txheej txheem endocytosis yog exocytosis. Cells thauj cov khoom tsis xav tau los ntawm lub cell los ntawm exocytosis. Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas raug thauj los ntawm exocytosis yog cov khoom siv khib nyiab xws li cov khoom tsis zoo, cov khoom tsis zoo thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo xws li cov ntaub ntawv xav tau los tsim cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Hauv cytoplasm, cov ntaub ntawv no tau ntim rau hauv vesicle thiab xa mus rau plasma membrane. Thaum lub vesicle los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov plasma membrane, nws fuses nrog cov plasma membrane thiab tso cov khib nyiab mus rau sab nraud ib puag ncig. Thaum lub sij hawm exocytosis, vesicle dhau los ua ib feem ntawm plasma membrane.
Daim duab 02: Exocytosis
Exocytosis yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua cov phab ntsa ntawm tes tom qab kev faib tawm ntawm cov cell. Exocytosis tseem thauj cov polysaccharides thiab cov proteins uas tsim nyog rau phab ntsa ntawm tes. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag siv exocytosis tso tawm nectar los nyiam pollinators. Piv txwv li, mustard nroj tsuag emit roj los ntawm exocytosis rau irritate herbivores thiab carnivorous nroj tsuag tso enzymes los ntawm exocytosis. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm exocytosis hauv cov nroj tsuag yog tias cov nroj tsuag tso cov hauv paus exudates vim kev ntxhov siab ib puag ncig siv exocytosis.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Endocytosis thiab Exocytosis?
- Endocytosis thiab exocytosis yog hom kev thauj mus los.
- Ob txoj hauv kev pab txhawb kev thauj mus los ntawm macromolecules uas tsis tuaj yeem hla ntawm cov cell membrane.
Qhov txawv ntawm Endocytosis thiab Exocytosis yog dab tsi?
Endocytosis yog kev thauj khoom ntawm macromolecules, cov khoom loj, thiab cov khoom polar uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cell los ntawm cov tsis-polar membrane whereas exocytosis yog kev thauj cov molecules lossis cov khoom sab nraud ntawm tes. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem xav txog qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm endocytosis thiab exocytosis. Dhau li ntawm qhov no, kev ua haujlwm, qhov sib txawv ntawm endocytosis thiab exocytosis yog qhov endocytosis cuam tshuam nrog kev noj cov as-ham mus rau hauv lub cell, tab sis exocytosis cuam tshuam nrog tshem cov khib nyiab ntawm tes.
Ntxiv mus, exocytosis pab ua cov phab ntsa ntawm tes, tab sis tsis yog endocytosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kawg ntawm endocytosis, vesicle khi rau cellular membrane-bound organelles, thaum kawg ntawm exocytosis vesicle yog khi nrog cellular membrane. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm endocytosis thiab exocytosis.
Hauv qab infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm endocytosis thiab exocytosis tabulates ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm ob qho tib si.
Summary – Endocytosis vs Exocytosis
Endocytosis thiab exocytosis yog ob hom kev thauj mus los ntau. Ob txoj kev nqa tawm kev thauj mus los ntawm macromolecules mus rau thiab los ntawm lub cell. Endocytosis yog hais txog kev thauj mus los ntawm macromolecules mus rau hauv lub cell thaum exocytosis hais txog kev thauj mus los ntawm macromolecules ntawm lub cell mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub cell. Muaj plaub hom endocytosis mechanisms thaum tsuas muaj ob hom exocytosis mechanisms. Thaum kawg ntawm endocytosis, vesicle fuses nrog cov membrane-bound organelles thaum kawg ntawm exocytosis, vesicle fuses nrog cell membrane. Qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm endocytosis thiab exocytosis.
