Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev lim ntshav thiab ultrafiltration yog qhov kev lim ntshav yog txheej txheem ntawm kev lim ntshav uas pab cov neeg mob uas mob raum tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub ultrafiltration yog ib qho ntawm peb kauj ruam ntawm kev lim ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv peb lub raum.
txhawm rau txo qhov kev hem thawj ntawm cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj uas sib sau hauv peb lub cev los ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic, peb lub cev excretory ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tshem tawm tam sim ntawm peb lub cev. Los ntawm exhalation, qee cov khoom tawm mus thaum qee qhov tawm mus los ntawm peb cov tawv nqaij ntawm hws. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub raum ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm excretory. Li no, ob lub raum yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev saib xyuas lub cev homeostasis.
Tsis yog cov khoom pov tseg nkaus xwb tab sis lub raum tshem tawm tag nrho lwm cov khoom ntau dhau xws li dej, qabzib, vitamins, thiab lwm yam. Lub raum lim ntshav thiab tso zis. Cov zis tsim feem ntau tshwm sim hauv nephrons, uas yog cov haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum. Yog li, txhua lub raum muaj ntau lab tus nephrons. Hauv nephrons, zis tsim tshwm sim los ntawm ultrafiltration, reabsorption thiab secretion. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj ntau yam kab mob, lub raum tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab lim ntshav. Hauv cov kev kho mob no, tus txheej txheem hu ua dialysis pab cov neeg mob kom huv lawv cov ntshav.
Dialysis yog dab tsi?
Kev lim ntshav yog txheej txheem uas pab cov neeg mob uas mob raum tsis ua haujlwm. Thaum lub raum tsis ua haujlwm zoo thiab lim ntshav txhawm rau tsim cov zis thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg, ntau yam teeb meem xws li co toxins, tshuaj, tshuaj lom, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem tsim hauv peb lub cev. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, kev lim ntshav yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem kho mob uas tuaj yeem ua kom huv cov ntshav thiab pab hauv cov txheej txheem excretory. Li no, hauv cov lus yooj yim, kev lim ntshav yog ib txoj hauv kev hloov lub raum ua haujlwm. Los ntawm kev lim ntshav, me me solute molecules cais los ntawm cov kua dej loj dua vim qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv cov diffusion tus nqi. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug semi-permeable membrane.
Daim duab 01: Dialysis
Muaj ob hom kev lim ntshav tseem ceeb xws li hemodialysis thiab peritoneal dialysis. Hauv hemodialysis, ib lub raum dag lossis lub tshuab lim ntshav yog siv los ntxuav cov ntshav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, peritoneal dialysis tsis siv lub tshuab. Hloov chaw, nws siv lub dialysate thiab daim nyias nyias ntawm peb lub plab txhawm rau txhawm rau ntxuav peb cov ntshav.
Ultrafiltration yog dab tsi?
Ultrafiltration yog ib qho ntawm peb cov txheej txheem tshwm sim hauv peb lub raum thaum kuaj ntshav. Yog li, nws yog thawj kauj ruam uas tshwm sim ntawm Bowman's capsule. Ntshav lim los ntawm glomerulus mus rau Bowman's capsule ntawm nephron los ntawm ultrafiltration. Lub glomerulus yog lub capillary network uas coj cov ntshav nrog cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv Bowman's capsule. Tom qab ntawd cov ntshav lim dej hauv siab. Raws li, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav (tshwj tsis yog globular proteins, qe ntshav liab, qe ntshav dawb thiab platelets) nkag mus rau hauv nephron. Lub afferent arteriole coj cov ntshav mus rau hauv thaum efferent arteriole coj cov ntshav tawm ntawm lub glomerulus.
Lub siab xav tau rau ultrafiltration tsim vim qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov afferent (tuaj) thiab efferent (tawm) capillaries ntawm glomerulus. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm efferent arteriole yog tsawg dua li cov afferent arteriole, ua rau cov ntshav siab thiab ua rau nws lim. Ib yam li ntawd, kev pom tshwm sim nyob nruab nrab ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lub capillaries thiab lub puab daim nyias nyias ntawm Bowman's capsule. Qhov tshwm sim no, qhov twg pom qhov chaw nyob rau hauv siab hydrostatic siab los ntawm ib tug semi-permeable membrane yog cov txheej txheem ntawm ultrafiltration.
Daim duab 02: Ultrafiltration
Tsis yog hauv lub raum nkaus xwb tab sis qhov no kuj tuaj yeem sim ua nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sab nraud kom cais cov tshuaj los ntawm kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam txhawm rau txhawm rau ntxuav cov tshuaj tov thiab ua kom zoo rau lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus thawj coj ntawm ultrafiltration yog siv hauv cov txheej txheem dej huv ib yam nkaus.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Dialysis thiab Ultrafiltration?
- Dialysis thiab ultrafiltration yog ob txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam rau peb lub raum ua haujlwm.
- Nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev, cov khoom pov tseg hauv peb cov ntshav lim tawm los ntawm ib daim nyias nyias.
- Ob txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov molecules loj dua kom dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias.
- cov txheej txheem no muaj cov ntawv thov kev lag luam ib yam nkaus.
Qhov txawv ntawm Dialysis thiab Ultrafiltration yog dab tsi?
Dialysis thiab ultrafiltration yog ob txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev lim ntshav thiab ultrafiltration yog cov txheej txheem. Dialysis yog ib daim ntawv thov kev kho mob uas pab cov neeg mob los ntxuav lawv cov ntshav artificially thaum lub ultrafiltration yog ib tug txheej txheem uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tso zis tsim nyob rau hauv peb ob lub raum. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv kev lim ntshav, cov kua dej txav los ntawm qhov siab mus rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab raws li electrochemical gradient. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ultrafiltration, cov khoom mus los ntawm lub siab gradient. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev lim ntshav thiab ultrafiltration. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev lim ntshav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tshuab lim dej lossis cov kab mob hauv ob sab phlu ntawm peb lub plab thaum ultrafiltration tshwm sim ntawm lub glomerulus thiab Bowman's capsule ntawm nephron.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi ntawm ultrafiltration nyob ntawm qhov porosity ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov ntshav khiav (los yog lub siab tsim los ntawm cov ntshav ntws) thaum lub dialysis tus nqi yog nyob ntawm tus dialysate flow rate. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev lim ntshav thiab ultrafiltration.
Summary – Dialysis vs Ultrafiltration
Dialysis yog ib qho kev kho mob uas lim thiab lim cov ntshav uas siv lub tshuab. Nws yog ib txoj kev kho mob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ultrafiltration yog txheej txheem ntuj tsim nyob rau hauv peb lub raum. Nws tshwm sim ntawm glomerulus thiab Bowman's capsule ntawm nephrons. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev lim ntshav thiab ultrafiltration.
