Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau thiab metalloids yog tias cov hlau hloov pauv yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov atoms nrog cov tsis sib xws d electrons whereas metalloids yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj lawv cov khoom ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetals.
Kev hloov pauv hlau yog cov khoom siv hlau tseem ceeb. Tab sis, tsis yog tag nrho cov hlau yog cov hlau hloov pauv vim nws yuav tsum ua kom tiav qhov tseeb tias cov atoms tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau lub atom los ua cov hlau hloov. Ntawm qhov tod tes, metalloids tsis yog hlau lossis nonmetals. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab lub cev uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetals.
Kev hloov pauv hlau yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv hlau yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov atoms nrog cov khoom tsis sib xws d electrons. Yam tsawg kawg, qhov ruaj khov cations lawv tsim yuav tsum muaj unpaired d electrons. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus d block yog cov hlau hloov pauv. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tsis xav txog scandium thiab zinc ua cov hlau hloov pauv. Uas yog vim li cas, lawv tsis muaj ib tug unpaired electrons txawm nyob rau hauv lawv ruaj khov cations. Cov atoms no muaj d electrons, tab sis tag nrho lawv yog khub electrons.
Daim duab 01: Cov Khoom Muaj Xim Xim Ntawm Cov Hlau Hloov Pauv
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pauv hlau tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib txawv nrog ntau yam xim. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim tias, cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem muaj cov oxidation sib txawv uas muaj xim zoo nkauj heev. Cov txheej txheem oxidation sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm muaj xim sib txawv. Thiab, cov xim no tshwm sim vim kev hloov hluav taws xob d-d. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis sib xws, cov hlau no yog paramagnetic lossis ferromagnetic. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem txuas nrog ligands los tsim kev sib koom ua ke.
Metalloids yog dab tsi?
Metalloids yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj lawv cov khoom nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetals. Feem ntau, lawv muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetals. Muaj 6 hom metalloids;
- Boron
- Silicon
- Germanium
- Arsenic
- Antimony
- Tellurium
Feem ntau, cov khoom no muaj qhov zoo li hlau. Tab sis lawv yog cov nkig heev thiab tsis zoo hluav taws xob conductors. Thaum xav txog lawv cov tshuaj, lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam rau nonmetals es tsis yog hlau. Lwm yam khoom ntawm lub cev yog nruab nrab rau cov hlau thiab nonmetals. Cov ntsiab lus tshuaj no tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov alloys, tshuaj lom neeg, catalysts, tsom iav, thiab lwm yam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, peb tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv semiconductors, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog silicon thiab germanium.
Daim duab 02: Semiconductor raws Electronic Cheebtsam
Cov metalloids no feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov theem khoom thiab muaj lustrous. Lawv muaj lub zog nruab nrab ionization, thiab cov txiaj ntsig electronegativity nyob ib puag ncig 2.0. Thaum xav txog lawv cov ntawv oxide, lawv yog amphoteric lossis tsis muaj zog acidic.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Hloov Hloov Hlau thiab Metalloids?
Kev hloov pauv hlau yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov atoms nrog cov khoom tsis sib xws d electrons whereas metalloids yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj lawv cov khoom ntawm hlau thiab nonmetals. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau thiab metalloids. Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau hloov pauv thiab metalloids yog tias cov hlau hloov pauv muaj cov khoom siv hlau thiab muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev thaum piv rau metalloids vim tias, cov metalloids feem ntau yog cov semiconductors vim lawv qhov nruab nrab muaj peev xwm ua hluav taws xob..
Ib yam khoom uas ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau thiab metalloids yog qhov nyuaj. Feem ntau, cov hlau hloov pauv muaj qhov nyuaj siab thaum cov hlau nplaum ntau dua. Qhov tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm metalloids cuam tshuam rau cov nonmetals es tsis yog hlau thaum cov hlau hloov pauv muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov hlau.
Cov hauv qab no infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau thiab metalloids kom ntxaws.
Summary – Hloov pauv Hlau vs Metalloids
Kev hloov pauv hlau yog ib pawg ntawm cov hlau. Metalloids yog cov tshuaj nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau thiab cov hlau tsis muaj hlau raws li lawv cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab lub cev. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hlau thiab metalloids yog tias cov hlau hloov pauv yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov atoms nrog cov khoom tsis sib xws d electrons whereas cov metalloids yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj lawv cov khoom nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau thiab nonmetals.
