Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atomic spectroscopy thiab molecular spectroscopy yog tias atomic spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm txog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob absorbed thiab emitted los ntawm atoms whereas molecular spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm ntawm electromagnetic radiation absorbed thiab emitted los ntawm molecules.
Ib qho hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj xws li hluav taws xob teb thiab sib nqus teb oscillating perpendicular rau ib leeg. Yog li, tag nrho ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob wavelengths yog qhov peb hu ua electromagnetic spectrum. Hauv kev sim spectroscopy, peb siv hluav taws xob electromagnetic ntawm cov wavelengths tshwj xeeb los tshuaj xyuas cov qauv. Nyob ntawd, peb cia cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hla dhau peb cov qauv uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg txaus siab.
Atomic Spectroscopy yog dab tsi?
Atomic spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm txog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nqus thiab tawm los ntawm atoms. Txij li cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, peb tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem no los tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus hauv cov qauv.
Electrons yog nyob rau hauv qee lub zog ntawm lub atom. Peb hu cov qib zog no ua atomic orbitals. Cov qib zog no yog quantized es tsis yog tas mus li. Cov electrons nyob rau hauv lub atomic orbitals tuaj yeem txav los ntawm ib qib zog mus rau lwm qhov los ntawm kev nqus lossis tso tawm lub zog uas lawv muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, lub zog uas electron absorbs lossis emits yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm lub zog sib txawv ntawm ob theem zog (nruab nrab ntawm cov electron yuav txav mus).
Daim duab 01: Electromagnetic Spectrum
Vim tias txhua tus thiab txhua yam tshuaj muaj pes tsawg tus electrons hauv lawv lub xeev hauv av, lub atom yuav nqus lossis tso tawm lub zog hauv cov qauv tshwj xeeb rau nws tus kheej lub cev. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav nqus / emit photons nyob rau hauv ib tug coj txawv txawv qauv. Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm tus qauv los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub teeb wavelength thiab lub teeb siv.
Molecular Spectroscopy yog dab tsi?
Molecular spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm txog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nqus thiab tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv molecules. Cov molecules hauv cov qauv tuaj yeem nqus tau qee qhov wavelengths uas peb dhau los ntawm cov qauv thiab tuaj yeem txav mus rau lub zog siab dua los ntawm lub xeev qis zog uas twb muaj lawm. Cov qauv yuav nqus cov wavelengths tshwj xeeb tab sis tsis yog tag nrho, nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov qauv. Yog li ntawd, cov tsis-absorbed wavelengths dhau los ntawm cov qauv. Tom qab ntawd, nyob ntawm qhov nqus ntawm lub wavelengths thiab qhov hnyav ntawm kev nqus, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub zog hloov pauv uas lub molecule tuaj yeem nkag mus, thiab yog li ntawd, sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws cov qauv.
Qhov txawv ntawm Atomic Spectroscopy thiab Molecular Spectroscopy yog dab tsi?
Atomic thiab molecular spectroscopy yog ob txoj hauv kev uas peb siv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atomic spectroscopy thiab molecular spectroscopy yog tias atomic spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm ntawm electromagnetic radiation absorbed thiab emitted los ntawm atoms whereas molecular spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm ntawm electromagnetic radiation absorbed thiab emitted los ntawm molecules. Yog li ntawd, atomic spectroscopy txiav txim siab hom atoms tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib qho qauv muab thaum molecular spectroscopy txiav txim cov qauv ntawm cov molecules tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv.
Cov duab hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm atomic spectroscopy thiab molecular spectroscopy hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary - Atomic Spectroscopy vs Molecular Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam chemistry uas peb siv los txiav txim cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov qauv. Ntawm no, atomic thiab molecular spectroscopy yog ob txoj kev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm atomic spectroscopy thiab molecular spectroscopy. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atomic spectroscopy thiab molecular spectroscopy yog tias atomic spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm txog cov hluav taws xob electromagnetic absorbed thiab emitted los ntawm atoms whereas molecular spectroscopy yog hais txog kev kawm ntawm electromagnetic tawg absorbed thiab emitted los ntawm molecules.
