Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob qoob loo thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm somatic yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob qoob loo tau los rau cov xeeb ntxwv thaum somatic kev hloov pauv tsis nyob rau hauv cov xeeb ntxwv.
DNA yog cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau nyob. Kev hloov pauv yog ib qho kev hloov pauv mus tas li ntawm nucleotide ib ntu ntawm DNA tawg lossis cov noob. Ntau hom kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov tsiaj muaj sia. Ntawm lawv, somatic mutations thiab germline mutations yog ob hom loj. Somatic mutations tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib lub cev hlwb thaum germline mutations tshwm sim nyob rau hauv gametes. Thaum somatic mutation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub cev cell, nws tsuas cuam tshuam cov ntaub so ntswg uas muab tau los ntawm mutated cell. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau qhov ntawd, tag nrho lub cev hlwb muaj feem xyuam rau thaum lub germline mutation tshwm sim. Qhov sib txawv loj ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm somatic yog qhov ua tau ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no kom dhau mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv lossis tsis yog.
Germline Mutation yog dab tsi?
Germline mutation yog kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob los yog cov qe ntshav los yog qe thiab cov phev. Txij li qhov kev hloov pauv no muaj nyob rau hauv gametes, nws dhau mus rau lwm tus menyuam yaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua lub cell ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob no.
Daim duab 01: Kev Hloov Pauv Hloov
Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem, tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev puas tsuaj lossis tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Germline mutations tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau thaum cov kab mob caj ces tshwm sim hauv cov xeeb ntxwv. Muaj ntau yam kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob xws li Sickle cell anemia, xim dig muag, albinism thiab cystic fibrosis.
Somatic Mutation yog dab tsi?
Sab ntawm cov hlwb uas tsis yog cov kab mob lossis cov hlwb sib deev yog cov hlwb somatic ntawm lub cev. Somatic mutation yog kev hloov pauv uas tshwm sim hauv ib lub cev ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, hom kev hloov pauv no tsuas yog mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg uas tau los ntawm cov cell mutated. Nws tsis cuam tshuam rau txhua lub cell ntawm kab mob, tsis zoo li cov kab mob hloov pauv, uas cuam tshuam rau txhua lub cell ntawm kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Somatic Mutation
Cov txiaj ntsig pom tau ntawm kev hloov pauv somatic yog ib thaj ntawm phenotypically mutant hlwb. Yog li ntawd, hom kev hloov pauv no tsis dhau mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Germline Mutation thiab Somatic Mutation?
- Ob leeg Germline Mutation thiab Somatic Mutation tshwm sim hauv DNA ib ntus.
- Kuj, UV hluav taws xob, mutagens thiab tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho kev hloov pauv no.
Qhov txawv ntawm Germline Mutation thiab Somatic Mutation yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm somatic yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim hauv gametes thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm somatic tshwm sim hauv tib lub cev ntawm tes. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tom ntej ntawm germline mutation thiab somatic mutation yog tias cov germline mutations tau txais los ntawm cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv thaum cov kev hloov ntawm somatic tsis tuaj rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, germline mutations cuam tshuam rau txhua lub cell ntawm kab mob thaum somatic mutations cuam tshuam tsuas yog cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm lub cev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev. Peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob germline thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm somatic.
Cov hauv qab no nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob sib kis thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm somatic.
Summary – Germline Mutation vs Somatic Mutation
Kev hloov pauv yog kev hloov pauv ntawm DNA ntu ntawm cov noob. Nws tuaj yeem yog ob hom; germline mutation los yog somatic mutation raws li hom cell qhov twg nws tshwm sim. Germline mutation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub li no, kis mus rau lwm tiam neeg thiab cuam tshuam rau txhua lub cell ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, somatic mutations tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev hlwb li no lawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg muab tau los ntawm cov mutated hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig mus rau tiam tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kab mob germline thiab somatic mutation.
