Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo qis thiab kev hloov pauv yog qhov txo qis yog kev hloov pauv ntawm pawg carbonyl mus rau hauv pawg amine whereas qhov kev hloov pauv yog hloov ntawm pawg amine los ntawm ib lub molecule mus rau lwm qhov.
Amination yog txheej txheem uas peb tuaj yeem siv los qhia txog pawg amine rau ib lub molecule. Kev txo qis amination thiab transamination yog ob hom txheej txheem amination. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem no kuj koom nrog hauv kev qhia txog ib pawg amine mus rau ib lub molecule, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev; reductive amination suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm ib pab pawg uas twb muaj lawm mus rau hauv pawg amine whereas transamination suav nrog kev hloov ntawm ib pawg amine.
Kev txo nqi txo qis yog dab tsi?
Kev txo qis amination yog ib hom txheej txheem amination uas peb hloov pawg carbonyl rau hauv pawg amine. Peb hu nws "reductive alkylation" thiab. Cov txheej txheem no dhau los ntawm ib qho imine. Cov pawg carbonyl uas tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog aldehyde lossis ketone pawg feem ntau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm amination. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau kev lag luam siv cov txheej txheem no.
Daim duab 01: Kev txo qis Acetophenone Ammonia
Thaum xav txog cov txheej txheem tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua ntej, pawg carbonyl tsim ib pawg hemiaminal. Tom qab ntawd nws poob dej molecule los tsim lub imine. Cov kauj ruam tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog thim rov qab. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov dej molecules tsim thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, peb tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm kev tsim cov imine los ntawm ketone los yog aldehyde pawg. Tom qab ntawd peb yuav tsum cais cov imine no siv tus neeg sawv cev ruaj khov xws li sodium borohydride. Peb hu nws "indirect reductive amination". Yog tias qhov kev tsim imine no thiab qhov txo qis tshwm sim nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb hu nws "direct reductive amination". Thaum kawg, qhov imine intermediate hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv amine.
Kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv yog ib hom kev amination uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov ib pawg amine mus rau keto acid. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tsim cov amino acid tshiab. Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev tshaj plaws ntawm deamination ntawm amino acids. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov amino acids tseem ceeb hloov mus rau cov amino acids tsis tseem ceeb. Hauv cov kab ke lom neeg, cov enzymes xws li transaminases thiab aminotransferases koom nrog hauv cov tshuaj no.
Daim duab 02: Aminotransfer Reaction ntawm Amino acid thiab Alpha-keto Acid
Thaum xav txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm cov txheej txheem no, nws tshwm sim ob txoj hauv kev. Raws li thawj kauj ruam, alpha amino pawg ntawm cov amino acid hloov mus rau enzyme. Qhov no ua rau α-keto acid thiab aminated enzyme. Cov kauj ruam thib ob ntawm cov txheej txheem suav nrog kev hloov ntawm ib pawg amino rau keto acid txais. Qhov no tsim cov amino acid molecule kawg. Ntxiv mus, cov enzyme regenerates vim nws ua raws li catalyst ntawm no.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Txiav Txim Siab thiab Kev Hloov Pauv?
Amination yog txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg amine rau ib lub molecule. Reductive amination thiab transamination yog ob hom kev amination. Txawm li cas los xij, ob txoj kev no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li txoj hauv kev uas lawv qhia txog pawg amine. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo qis thiab kev hloov pauv yog tias qhov txo qis amination yog kev hloov pauv ntawm pawg carbonyl mus rau hauv pawg amine thaum qhov kev hloov pauv yog hloov ntawm ib pawg amine los ntawm ib lub molecule mus rau lwm qhov. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov txo qis amination thiab transamination nyob rau hauv nruab nrab uas tsim los ntawm ob txheej txheem. Ntawd yog, qhov txo qis amination muab ib qho imine thaum transamination muab alpha-keto acid ua qhov nruab nrab.
Cov hauv qab no infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txo qis amination thiab transamination.
Summary – Reductive Amination vs Transamination
Amination yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev hauv biochemistry raws li ib txoj hauv kev qhia txog pawg amine rau ib lub molecule. Thaum txiav txim siab txog kev txo qis thiab kev hloov pauv, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txo qis thiab kev hloov pauv yog qhov txo qis amination yog kev hloov pauv ntawm pawg carbonyl mus rau ib pawg amine whereas transamination yog hloov ntawm ib pawg amine los ntawm ib lub molecule mus rau lwm tus.
