Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab qhov chaw sib khi yog qhov chaw nquag pab lub catalysis ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj thaum lub chaw sib khi pab rau kev khi ntawm ib lub ligand rau ib qho loj molecule.
Ib qhov chaw khi yog thaj tsam ntawm cov protein, DNA lossis RNA, uas lub ligand tuaj yeem khi. Enzymes yog cov protein. Ib qhov chaw nquag yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas cov substrates tuaj yeem khi kom thiaj li muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb no kuj muaj qhov chaw sib txuas nrog rau qhov chaw catalytic. Yog li ntawd, cov chaw sib txuas tsuas yog pab hauv kev khi ntawm ib lub ligand rau ib qho loj molecule whereas active sites pab ob qho tib si khi ntawm ib tug ligand rau ib tug loj molecule thaum cia nws undergo ib tug catalyzed tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Lub Vev Xaib yog dab tsi?
Lub chaw nquag yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas cov substrates ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. cheeb tsam no muaj ob lub cheeb tsam raws li qhov chaw sib khi thiab qhov chaw catalytic. Lub chaw khi muaj qee qhov seem uas tuaj yeem pab txoj kev khi ntawm cov substrate (reactants) rau cov enzyme. Lub chaw catalytic pab hauv catalyzing cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ntxiv mus, thaj av no tsawg heev thaum piv rau tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov enzyme; kwv yees li 10-20% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim ntawm cov enzyme.
Daim duab 01: Lub Chaw Sib Txuas thiab Catalytic Site ntawm qhov Chaw Ua Haujlwm
Feem ntau, qhov chaw nquag muaj 3-4 amino acids. tus so ntawm cov amino acids nyob rau hauv lub enzyme muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tswj lub tertiary qauv ntawm lub enzyme. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, qhov chaw nquag muaj qhov tsim tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem haum nrog ib qho substrate. Yog li ntawd, cov enzymes no teb nrog tsuas yog cov substrates. Tab sis qee zaum, enzymes xav tau cofactors rau lawv txoj haujlwm. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog txo qis lub zog ua kom muaj zog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, yog li, txhawm rau nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Yuav ua li cas khi qhov chaw?
Kev khi qhov chaw yog thaj tsam ntawm cov protein, DNA lossis RNA uas ligands tuaj yeem khi. Nyob ntawd, lub ligand tuaj yeem tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg nrog rau qhov chaw no. Cov cheeb tsam no qhia tshwj xeeb; ib qho ligand yuav khi rau ib qho chaw sib khi. Yog li ntawd, qhov chaw no yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm hom ligands uas tuaj yeem khi nrog lub molecule.
Tsis tas li ntawd, peb feem ntau siv cov cheeb tsam no rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm biomolecules. Piv txwv li, peb tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw nquag los ntawm nws qhov chaw sib khi. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm DNA, hom tshwj xeeb ntawm kev khi qhov chaw yog qhov kev hloov pauv qhov kev khi qhov chaw tam sim no ntawm DNA.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov chaw nquag thiab qhov chaw khi?
Qhov chaw nquag yog thaj tsam ntawm ib qho enzyme uas cov substrates ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khi kom tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob catalyzed qhov chaw khi yog thaj tsam ntawm cov protein, DNA lossis RNA, uas ligands tuaj yeem khi. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw nquag thiab qhov chaw sib khi. Ntxiv mus, cov chaw nquag muaj nyob rau ntawm cov enzymes, thiab lawv pab txhawm rau nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev txo qis kev ua kom lub zog thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Kev khi qhov chaw, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev khi ntawm ib qho ligand nrog ib qho molecule.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw nquag thiab khi qhov chaw hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – Active Site vs Binding Site
Cov chaw nquag yog thaj chaw ntawm cov enzymes uas tuaj yeem nce cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj los ntawm kev txo qis kev ua kom lub zog thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Ib qhov chaw sib khi yog ib cheeb tsam uas lub ligand tuaj yeem khi. Lub chaw nquag kuj muaj qhov chaw sib khi. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw nquag thiab cov chaw sib khi yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj thiab ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab qhov chaw sib khi yog qhov chaw ua haujlwm pabcuam catalysis ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj thaum lub chaw sib khi pab rau kev khi ntawm ib lub ligand rau ib lub molecule loj.
