Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allele thiab locus yog qhov allele yog hais txog ib qho ntawm ob lossis ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob ntawm ib qho chaw thaum lub locus hais txog qee qhov chaw ntawm chromosome qhov twg cov noob tuaj yeem pom..
Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov noob, cov ntaub ntawv caj ces tau txais los ntawm niam txiv mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Cov noob yog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb nucleotide nyob hauv chromosomes. Ntau cov noob tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv genome ntawm ib yam kabmob. Lawv txoj kev npaj hauv genome yog qhov tseeb, thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov noob tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim siv cov cim caj ces. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho gene tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam sib txawv uas peb hu ua alleles. Qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob hauv chromosome kuj tseem ceeb heev, thiab peb hu nws lub chaw.
Allele yog dab tsi?
Ib qho allele yog lwm hom ntawm cov noob. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, alleles xa mus rau ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov noob. Feem ntau muaj ob lub alleles ntawm ib lub noob. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem sib txawv. Ntau tshaj ob alleles yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov noob. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv nyob ntawm tib qhov chaw raws li homologous chromosomes uas hu ua locus. Cov DNA sib lawv liag los yog cov nucleotide sib txawv ntawm cov alleles ntawm tib lub noob vim kev hloov pauv. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv phenotypic zoo li zoo li kev mob caj ces.
Daim duab 01: Alleles
Tib neeg feem ntau muaj ob qho alleles ntawm txhua qhov chaw caj ces txij li lawv tau diploid thiab tau txais ib qho chromosome homologous los ntawm txhua tus niam txiv thaum yug me nyuam. Raws li Mendelian noob caj noob ces, alleles tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm allele lossis recessive allele nyob ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm allele tuaj yeem qhia txog nws qhov phenotypic txawm tias ib qho allele tam sim no. Tab sis los qhia txog qhov tsis zoo phenotypic, ob qho tib si alleles yuav tsum tau recessive (homozygous recessive) ntawm qhov chaw.
Lub Locus yog dab tsi?
Ib locus (hauv plural loci) yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm chromosome qhov twg cov noob nyob. Cov neeg feem coob hu nws ua tus cim chromosome. Daim ntawv qhia caj ces yog daim ntawv loci xaj rau ib qho genome. Gene mapping yog cov txheej txheem siv feem ntau los txiav txim qhov chaw nyob hauv ib qho kev lom zem.
Daim duab 02: Loci
Thaum ib lub cev yog heterozygous rau ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb, muaj ib qho tseem ceeb allele thiab ib qho allele recessive rau nws. Yog hais tias lub cev yog homozygous, nws nqa ob qho tseem ceeb alleles los yog ob tug recessive alleles ntawm ib qho chaw.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Allele thiab Locus?
- Koj tuaj yeem pom ob qho allele thiab qhov chaw ntawm chromosomes.
- Lawv yog cov ntsiab lus txuam nrog cov noob.
- Alleles nrhiav ntawm tib qhov chaw ntawm cov noob.
- Nyob hauv noob caj noob ces, lawv tseem ceeb heev rau ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb.
Qhov txawv ntawm Allele thiab Locus yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau txhiab tus noob muaj nyob hauv chromosomes. Allele thiab locus yog ob lo lus hais txog chromosomes thiab cov noob. Allele yog ib yam ntawm cov noob taum. Feem ntau, muaj ob hom alleles, dominant allele lossis recessive allele. Ntawm qhov tod tes, locus yog ib txoj hauj lwm ntawm chromosome uas pom muaj noob. Nws yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm allele thiab locus. Tsis tas li ntawd, locus ua haujlwm ua tus cim caj ces thiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, loci yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv gene mapping thiab tsim ib daim ntawv qhia caj ces ntawm lub cev. Raws li lawv cov dej num, qhov sib txawv ntawm allele thiab locus yog tias cov lej allele rau qhov zoo thaum lub chaw muab chaw nyob rau cov noob.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm allele thiab locus hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Allele vs Locus
Allele thiab locus txawv ib leeg txawm tias alleles nyob ntawm loci. Yog li ntawd, allele yog ib hom ntawm cov noob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov chaw yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm chromosome qhov twg cov noob nyob. Loci yog cov cim caj ces. Yuav muaj ntau tshaj li ib qho allele hauv ib qho chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, allele codes rau cov noob, thaum locus tsuas yog txoj haujlwm ntawm chromosome. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm allele thiab locus.
